中国耕地碳汇建设实施路径与制度完善

China"s Farmland Carbon Sink Construction Implementation Path and System Improvement

摘要:

耕地承载着粮食安全和生态服务等多重功能,耕地碳汇标准体系建设以及与之相关联的生态衍生产品离不开体系完备的耕地碳汇交易机制。本文在耕地碳汇原理基础之上界定其概念,分析得出耕地碳汇是农业碳中和的重要抓手,是架接起耕地生态价值市场化的重要桥梁纽带,将其与生态补偿相衔接可助力耕地碳汇生态价值实现,有着与粮食安全保障相协同助推农业生产绿色发展的有益价值。基于国际国内双重视角,运用归纳分析等方法,总结国内外耕地碳汇实施的相关法律政策和实践经验,提出中国耕地碳汇资源化、资产化、产品化进而市场化的生态产品价值实现路径,并从耕地碳汇建设与粮食安全协同,创新耕地碳汇管理制度,耕地碳汇科学技术研发等制度层面展开完善,探讨构建符合我国国情的耕地碳汇制度体系。

Abstract:

Cultivated land carries multiple functions such as food security and ecological services. The construction of a carbon sequestration standard system for cultivated land and its associated ecological derivative products cannot be separated from a complete system of carbon sequestration trading mechanisms for cultivated land. This paper defines the concept of cultivated land carbon sink on the basis of the principle of cultivated land carbon sink, and analyzes that cultivated land carbon sink is an important starting point for agricultural carbon neutrality and an important bridge to link up the marketization of ecological value of cultivated land. Connecting it with ecological compensation can help realize the ecological value of cultivated land carbon sink, and has a beneficial value of promoting green development of agricultural production in coordination with food security. Based on the dual perspectives of both international and domestic perspectives, using methods such as inductive analysis, this paper summarizes the relevant legal policies and practical experience in the implementation of carbon sequestration on arable land both domestically and internationally. It proposes a path to realize the value of ecological products through the resource-based, assetization, productization, and marketization of carbon sequestration on arable land in China, and improves the system from the perspectives of synergy between carbon sequestration construction on arable land and food security, innovation of carbon sequestration management system on arable land, and scientific and technological research and development on carbon sequestration on arable land, Exploring the construction of a carbon sequestration system for arable land that is in line with China's national conditions.