粮食种业芯片：创新效率、路径选择与攻关策略

Grain seed chips: Innovation efficiency, path selection and attack strategies--Based on a synergistic perspective of the innovation ecosystem

摘要:

种业是保障国家粮食安全的重要命脉,被称之为农业的“芯片”。种业企业的创新效率决定着“芯片”竞争的核心要素和“芯片”占领的高地水平。基于此,本文试图从创新生态系统协同视角,构建理论分析框架,选择以代表中国种业创新水平的股票市场企业,开展我国粮食种业企业创新效率的结构测试和企业创新生态系统因子作用强度。研究结果表明：当前我国粮食种业企业创新效率整体处于低水平阶段,大多数企业处于创新生命周期的规模报酬递增阶段,技术效率变化制约着粮食种业创新的全要素生产率；特别是企业规模、企业资本结构和企业性质显著地影响着粮食种业企业的创新效率。因此,打造我国农业 “芯片”高地,提高我国粮食种业创新效率需要强化粮食种业创新生态系统国家意识和行为,构建中国特色的种业创新生态系统共享平台,打造具有国际竞争力的创新型种业领军企业,加强种业创新的企业主体地位和市场性竞争,遵循创新生命周期规律培育种业创新新动能。

Abstract:

The seed industry is an important lifeline to ensure national food security and is called the "chip" of agriculture. The innovation efficiency of seed industry enterprises determines the core elements of the competition and the level of the high ground occupied by the "chip". Based on this, this paper attempts to construct a theoretical analysis framework from the perspective of innovation ecosystem synergy, and select stock market enterprises that represent the innovation level of China"s seed industry to conduct a structural test of the innovation efficiency of Chinese grain seed industry enterprises and the intensity of the role of enterprise innovation ecosystem factors. The results of the study show that: at present, the overall innovation efficiency of Chinese grain seed industry enterprises is at a low level stage, most of the enterprises are at the incremental scale payoff stage of the innovation life cycle, and technical efficiency changes constrain the total factor productivity of grain seed industry innovation; in particular, enterprise size, enterprise capital structure and enterprise nature significantly affect the innovation efficiency of grain seed industry enterprises. Therefore, to build China"s agricultural "chip" highland and improve the innovation efficiency of China"s grain seed industry, it is necessary to strengthen the national awareness and behaviour of the grain seed industry innovation ecosystem, build a shared platform of the seed industry innovation ecosystem with Chinese characteristics, create innovative seed industry leaders with international competitiveness, strengthen the main position of enterprises in seed industry innovation and market The Chinese government should also strengthen the position of enterprises and market competition in seed industry innovation, and follow the law of innovation life cycle to cultivate new dynamics of seed industry innovation.