全球稀土产业链格局研判与应对之策

Research and Judgment on the Pattern of the Global Rare Earth Industry Chain and Countermeasures -- Based on the Perspective of the Whole Rare Earth Industry Chain

摘要:

我国稀土价格从2020年5月开始持续大幅度上升,目前价格已逼近2011年6月历史最高点。此次价格上涨背后的缘由与2011年截然不同,其供求变化将对全球未来稀土格局产生深远影响。文章在梳理稀土产业链基本模式的基础上,从稀土全产业链视角深入剖析了以我国为主体的全球稀土产业链最新格局并对稀土未来发展格局进行研判。发现西方将加速重构稀土供应链且其重构的关键点在稀土冶炼分离环节。在双碳目标推动下,稀土产业竞争将聚焦于稀土永磁和稀土资源环节。目前在稀土应用格局出现重大变化并叠加美西方重构稀土供应链背景下,我国急需稳定稀土原料价格、加快在全球范围内布局稀土资源、加大稀土重点领域的研发投入、扩大稀土在碳中和领域应用规模、加强稀土产业布局,从而协调稀土全产业链各环节的发展。

Abstract:

The price of rare earth in China has continued to rise significantly since May 2020, and the current price has approached the historical peak in June 2011. The reason behind this price increase is quite different from that in 2011, and its changes in supply and demand will have a profound impact on the global future pattern of rare earths. Based on sorting out the basic patterns of the rare earth industry chain, the article deeply analyzes the latest pattern of the global rare earth industry chain with China as the main body from the perspective of the entire rare earth industry chain, and studies and judges the future development pattern of rare earth. It is found that the West will accelerate the restructuring of the rare earth supply chain and the key point of its restructuring lies in the rare earth smelting and separation process. Driven by the dual carbon goal, competition in the rare earth industry will focus on rare earth permanent magnets and rare earth resources. At present, in the context of significant changes in the pattern of rare earth applications and the restructuring of the rare earth supply chain in the United States and the West, China urgently needs to stabilize the prices of rare earth raw materials, accelerate the global distribution of rare earth resources, increase research and development investment in key rare earth fields, expand the scale of rare earth applications in the carbon neutral field, and strengthen the layout of the rare earth industry, so as to coordinate the development of all aspects of the rare earth industry chain.