企业员工数字能力的影响因素及其作用路径

The Influencing Factors and Path of Enterprise Employees' Digital Ability

摘要:

突破目前关于个体数字能力影响因素研究中以单一因素为主，且缺乏对企业员工数字能力影响因素分析的局限，考虑多因素对结果变量的联合作用，利用定性和定量研究相结合的优势，揭示影响企业员工数字能力的因素及途径。选取53名访谈对象，首先运用扎根理论的编码方法提炼影响企业员工数字能力的关键因素，再基于组态视角，运用模糊集定性比较分析方法开展影响路径构型分析。结果表明：企业员工数字能力是多种因素共同影响的结果，主要包括个人、组织和技术3个层面，将这三方面因素作为条件变量得到自我驱动型、全面协同型、环境影响型和技术驱动型4种类型的影响路径，其中自我驱动型和全面协同型路径的影响作用要远远大于环境影响型和技术驱动型路径。因此，在提升员工数字能力方面，企业应立足于员工自我驱动或有效发挥个人、组织和技术因素的协调整合作用，同时要结合自身实际对员工队伍、组织和技术因素现状进行客观分析，采取有针对性的措施。

Abstract:

Breaking through the limitations of current research on the influencing factors of individual digital ability, which mainly focuses on a single factor and lacks analysis of the influencing factors of digital ability of enterprise employees, considering the combined effect of multiple factors on outcome variables, utilizing the advantages of combining qualitative and quantitative research, revealing the factors and pathways that affect the digital ability of enterprise employees. Select 53 interviewees, first use the coding method of grounded theory to extract the key factors that affect the digital ability of enterprise employees, and then use the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to conduct a configuration analysis of the impact path from a configuration perspective. The results show that the digital ability of enterprise employees is the result of multiple factors, mainly including individual, organizational, and technological levels. These three factors are used as conditional variables to obtain four types of impact paths: self driven, comprehensive collaborative, environmental impact, and technology driven. Among them, the impact of self driven and comprehensive collaborative paths is much greater than that of environmental impact and technology driven paths. Therefore, in improving employee digital abilities, enterprises should focus on employee self motivation or effectively leverage the coordination and integration of personal, organizational, and technical factors. At the same time, they should objectively analyze the current situation of employee teams, organizations, and technical factors based on their own reality and take targeted measures.