国际科技合作与本土科研绩效：基于国家重点实验室的实证研究

International Scientific and Technological Cooperation and Domestic Scientific Research Performance: Empirical Research Based on State Key Laboratories

摘要:

为筑建国际竞争的新优势，国际科技合作与交流业已成为评估国家重点实验室运行的重要指标之一。从社会资本理论的视角出发，探究国家重点实验室国际科技合作对其本土科研绩效的作用及影响机制。以8个领域的230家国家重点实验室在Web of Science核心集中发表的论文数据为数据源，以国际合作论文数据构建国家重点实验室的国际合作网络，以非国际合作论文数量表征国家重点实验室的本土科研绩效，采用负二项非平衡面板固体效应模型实证分析国际合作网络中合作规模、“桥”、合作强度等社会资本对国家重点实验室本土科研绩效的影响。研究发现：国家重点实验室的国际合作网络规模、与海外科研机构的合作强度对其本土科研绩效具有先扬后抑的倒“U”型影响，并且随着国际科技合作的年限增加，抑制趋势愈加明显；国家重点实验室在国际合作网络中作为“桥”的程度越高，对其本土科研绩效的正向影响越强。因此，国家重点实验室应更多地寻求与世界一流的科研机构进行合作，并积极在国际合作网络中占据有利位置，扩大非冗余信息的获取。

Abstract:

China’s state key laboratory system drives innovation in science and technology. In order to be more internationally competitive, international scientific and technological cooperation and communication has become one of the important indicators to evaluate the operation of state key laboratories. From the perspective of social capital theory, this paper explores the impact and influence mechanism of international scientific and technological cooperation in state key laboratories on their domestic scientific research performance. The papers, published by 230 state key laboratories in eight fields, and indexed in the Web of Science core collection will be taken as the data source. Using international cooperation paper data to construct the international cooperation network of state key laboratories and using the number of non-international cooperation papers to characterize the domestic scientific research performance of state key laboratories, the negative binomial unbalanced fixed effect panel Model is adopted, to empirically analyzes the impact of social capital such as cooperation scale, "bridge", and cooperation intensity in international cooperation networks on the domestic scientific research performance of state key laboratories. The study shows that: The scale of the international cooperation network and the intensity of cooperation between state key laboratories and overseas scientific research institutions have an inverted “U”-shaped impact on their domestic scientific research performance, which first increases and then decreases, and the inhibitory trend becomes more obvious as they cooperate with each other for a longer time. The higher the degree to which a state key laboratory serves as a "bridge" in the international cooperation network, the stronger the positive impact on its domestic scientific research performance. Thus, state key laboratories should seek more cooperation with world-class scientific research institutions and actively occupy a favorable position in the international cooperation network to expand access to non-redundant information.