政策工具视角下我国科技人才政策量化分析

Quantitative Analysis of China's Science and Technology Policy on Talents from the Perspective of Policy Tools

摘要:

科技人才是我国现代化建设的支撑力量，不断完善我国科技人才政策工具的选择与使用十分必要。为此，本文采用党的十八大以来的40份我国科技人才政策为样本，基于Rothwell和Zegveld政策工具分类方法，结合科技人才发展阶段构建二维分析框架，从政策制定部门及颁布形式、基本政策工具、政策作用场域、两维度交叉4个方面进行文本量化分析。研究发现：我国科技人才政策体系不断健全，但政策效力和层次性有待提高。政策工具的内部平衡性，政策工具与政策作用场域的适配性，政策间关联的紧密性等仍有提升空间。据此提出以下三条建议：一是统筹政策工具要均衡使用。二是提高政策工具与政策作用场域的适配性和精准度；三是提高政策之间的联动性。

Abstract:

Since talents in science and technology are backbones for the building of China's Modernization, it is greatly necessary to improve the selection and application of policy instruments within China's science and technology talent policies. Therefore, based on Rothwell and Zegveld's policy tool classification method, this article took 40 items of China’s science and technology policies on talents since the 18th CPC National Congress as samples and constructed a two-dimensional analysis framework combining with the development stage of talents in science and technology. A quantitative text analysis from four aspects: policy-making department and promulgation form, basic policy tools, policy action field , and the two-dimension intersection were explored in this article. It was found out that China's science and technology policies system on talents had been constantly improved, but the effectiveness and hierarchy policy needed to be improved. There was still room to increase the balance of the internal structure of policy tools, the adaptability between policy tools and policy action fields, and the policy compactness. Based on these, the following three recommendations are proposed: Firstly, there should be a coordinated and balanced use of policy tools. Secondly, the precision of policy tools suiting the policy field should be enhanced; and thirdly, the interconnectivity between policies needs to be improved.