重大科技任务攻关的协同机制研究 ——基于中科院空天院和理化所的案例对比分析

Mechanism of Major Scientific and Technological Tasks——Based on the Case Comparative Analysis of the Academy of Aeronautics and Astronautics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Physics and Chemistry

摘要:

构建协同攻关的重大科技任务组织运行机制是体现国家战略目标、优化科技资源配置的重要方式,也是充分发挥社会主义市场经济条件下新型举国体制优势的重要途径。文章聚焦于国立科研机构内部,以部门间横向关系为重点,选取中科院空天院和理化所承担重大科技任务为研究对象,基于“结构-程序-成果”分析框架对空天院和理化所重大科技任务攻关的结构性协同机制、程序性协同机制和成果协同机制进行分析,提出了建立重大科技任务分解与落实机制；通过“自上而下”与“自下而上”结合确定重大科技任务选题来源；建立关键技术、原始创新和工程一体的资源整合机制；建立差异化、多元化的灵活分类激励机制和强化跨领域跨学科合作机制的可持续性等建议。

Abstract:

Constructing a major scientific and technological task organization and operation mechanism for collaborative research is an important way to reflect the national strategic goals and optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources, and it is also an important way to give full play to the advantages of the new national system under theconditions of the socialist market economy. The article focuses on the interior of national scientific research institutions, focuses on the horizontal relationship between departments, and selects the major scientific and technological tasks undertaken by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Physics and Chemistry as the research objects. Analyze the structural coordination mechanism, procedural coordination mechanism and sustainable development long-term mechanism of scientific and technological task tackling, and propose the establishment of a hierarchical, hierarchical, sub-task, sub-department systematic organization and management mode and operation mechanism for major scientific and technological tasks; Determine the source of major scientific and technological tasks through the combination of "top-down" and "bottom-up"; establish a resource integration mechanism that integrates key technologies, original innovation and engineering; establish a differentiated and diversified classification incentive mechanism; establish special Institutions to lead the follow-up development of scientific and technological achievements and other suggestions.