科技企业孵化器创业生态系统评价研究——以北京、上海和深圳为例

Evaluation and Research on the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem of Technology Incubators

摘要:

以创业生态系统理论为基础，探究科技企业孵化器创业生态系统内涵，提出科技企业孵化器创业生态系统由创业生态主导种群、创业生态基层种群、地区创业生态发展环境三部分组成，并以此构建孵化器生态系统评价指标体系。运用熵值法，对2014—2021年北京、上海、深圳的孵化器水平进行实证分析。结果表明：三个城市孵化器生态系统水平逐年提升，上海市增幅最大；北京市孵化器创业生态系统水平最高，其次为上海市，深圳市最低；三个城市孵化器生态系统差异主要集中在创业企业、风投机构、中介服务、企业环境。最后，提出持久发力推动孵化器发展、加强孵化器重点领域建设、做强弱项提升孵化器示范效应、构建高效协同创新孵化生态等改进措施。

Abstract:

Based on the entrepreneurial ecosystem theory, this paper explores the connotation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of science and technology business incubators, proposes that the entrepreneurial ecosystem of science and technology business incubators consists of three parts: the entrepreneurial ecosystem leading population, the entrepreneurial ecosystem base population and the regional entrepreneurial ecological development environment, and constructs the evaluation index system of the incubator ecosystem. Using the entropy method, the incubator level of Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2014 to 2021 was empirically analyzed. The results showed that the level of incubator ecosystem in the three cities increased year by year, with the largest increase in Shanghai; The level of incubator ecosystem in Beijing was the highest, followed by Shanghai and Shenzhen. The differences of incubator ecosystems in the three cities mainly focus on entrepreneurial enterprises, venture capital institutions, intermediary services, and enterprise environment. Finally, the author put forward some improvement measures, such as making continuous efforts to promote the development of incubators, strengthening the construction of key areas of incubators, strengthening the weak points to enhance the demonstration effect of incubators, and building an efficient collaborative innovation incubation ecology.