基于点分配法、全一致性法、灰色关联分析的科技人才分类评价研究

Research on Classification and Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Talents Based on Point Allocation, Full Consistency Method, and PA-FUCOM Grey Relation Analysis

摘要:

科技人才评价是一种多准则决策问题，不同方法导致评估存在不确定性，已有相关评价方法在实践中存在一定的局限性。为解决这一问题，针对创新活动不同阶段对科技人才评价的差异化要求，立足于“破四唯”和“立新标”并举的思路，将科技人才分为基础研究类、应用研究和技术开发类以及科技管理服务类，基于政策文件和文献的关键词提取法构建科技人才分类评价指标体系，通过充分考虑不同方法导致评估存在的不确定性，结合点分配法（PA）和全一致性法（FUCOM）构建灰数组合权重，将灰数权重和不同决策者针对评价对象的评估分数作为灰数输入，提出PA-FUCOM灰色关联分析法；并以陕西省某研究院的4位应用研究和技术开发类人才为例进行实证分析，以保证评价结果的有效和准确性。结果表明：基于PA-FUCOM灰色关联分析法的科技人才评价指标体系，对基础研究人才整体上各类指标相对较为均衡但侧重人才价值和学科背景，对应用研究和技术开发类人才在成果价值和转化效益上拥有更大的权重，对科技管理服务类人才整体指标相对均衡但在成果价值上的权重相对更大；灰色系统理论有助于解决科技人才评价过程存在的不确定性，点分配法在实际评估中简单可行，FUCOM由于计算量小、一致性更高从而为混合指标权重计算提供了新的可能，因此PA-FUCOM组合权重计算方法在评价结果区分度、评价结果的一致性上都有较好的表现。

关键词:科技人才评价;分类评价;点分配法（PA）;全一致性法（FUCOM）;灰色系统理论

Abstract:

The evaluation of scientific and technological talents is a multi-criteria decision problem, and different methods lead to uncertainty in the evaluation, and the existing relevant evaluation methods have certain limitations in practice. To solve this problem, based on the idea of "breaking the four only" and "setting a new standard", in view of the differentiated requirements for evaluating scientific and technological talents at different stages of innovation activities, scientific and technological talents are classified into the categories of basic research, applied research and technological development、scientific and technological management、science and technology management services. Based on the keyword extraction method of policy documents and literature to construct the evaluation index system of scientific and technological talents classification, by fully considering the uncertainty of different methods leading to the existence of evaluation, combining the point allocation (PA) and the full consistency method (FUCOM) to construct the combination of grey number weights, and taking the weights of grey number and the evaluation scores of different decision makers for the evaluation object as the input of grey number, we propose the PA-FUCOM grey correlation analysis method; and empirically analyze four talents in the category of applied research and technology development from a research institute in Shaanxi Province as an example to ensure the validity and accuracy of the evaluation results. Grey system theory helps to solve the uncertainty in the evaluation process of scientific and technological talents, the point allocation is simple and feasible in practical evaluation, and FUCOM provides new opportunities for the calculation of weights of mixed indexes due to the small amount of calculation and higher consistency, therefore, the PA-FUCOM combination weight calculation method has a better performance in the differentiation of evaluation results and the consistency of evaluation results.

Key words:cientific and technological talents; categorical evaluation; point allocation(PA); full consistency method(FUCOM); grey relation analysis