碳交易驱动制造企业绿色低碳转型的演化博弈分析和实证研究

An Empirical Study and Evolutionary Game Analysis of Carbon Emission Trading System Promoting the Green and Low-carbon Transformation of Manufacturing Enterprises

摘要:

碳交易是促进制造业节能减排的关键环境政策之一,但立足于微观视角,探究碳交易能否驱动制造企业积极进行绿色低碳转型的研究仍有待深化。将碳交易引入政企演化博弈理论模型,剖析碳交易对制造企业绿色低碳转型的作用效应及其影响因素,进而利用2008—2019年中国A股上市制造企业和所在地区数据,在准自然实验框架下进行实证检验。结果表明,碳交易可以释放创新收益激励效应促进制造企业积极进行绿色低碳转型,实现效率与环境的共赢。要素生产技术进步、降污减排技术进步和能源利用技术进步是制造企业实现绿色低碳转型的三大技术进步机制,机制识别揭示,碳交易主要通过后两条机制发挥效力。调节效应检验显示,市场化会显著增强降污减排技术进步和能源利用技术进步的机制效应,但政府补贴只对能源利用技术进步具有积极的调节作用。

Abstract:

Carbon emission trading system (CETS) is one of the key environmental policies to promote energy conservation and emission reduction in manufacturing industry. However, based on the micro perspective, the research on the mechanism of technological progress behind the impact of CETS on the green and low-carbon transformation of manufacturing enterprises still needs to be deepened. Based on the government and enterprise evolutionary game model, this paper firstly explores the evolution law and factors of manufacturing enterprises’ strategy in CETS, and analyzes the endogenous mechanism of manufacturing enterprises’ green low-carbon transformation combined with the Green Solow Model. Then, using the relevant data of China’ s A-share listed enterprises from 2008 to 2019, this paper adopts DID model to construct an identification framework of the impact of CETS on the green and low-carbon transformation of manufacturing enterprises. The results show that CETS can release the incentive effect of technological progress, effectively promote the green and low-carbon transformation of manufacturing enterprises, and achieve a win-win situation between efficiency and environment. Technological progress in factor production, pollution reduction and emission reduction and energy utilization are three major technological progress mechanisms for manufacturing enterprises to achieve green and low-carbon transformation. CETS is mainly effective through the latter two mechanisms. Marketization will significantly enhance the mechanism effect of technological progress in pollution reduction and emission reduction and energy utilization, but government subsidies only positively regulate technological progress in energy utilization.