新时代中国科技企业孵化器顶层设计如何更为有效？-基于2006-2022年的国家级政策文本计量分析

How can the top-level design of China's science and technology business incubators be more effective in the new era? ：An Quantitative analysis of national-level policy texts based on the period 2006-2022

摘要:

优化科技企业孵化器顶层设计的相关政策工具,为新时代深入推进创新型国家建设具有重要战略意义。通过收集2006-2022年间国家颁布的科技企业孵化器发展的相关政策文件和权威数据,构建效力评估方法与效果评估模型衡量科技企业孵化器政策效果,为优化和完善科技企业孵化器政策的顶层设计支持机制提供决策参考。结果表明,政策文本数与政策总效力演化趋势基本一致；政策措施、政策目标与政策主体得分情况整体上均优于政策力度；环境型政策工具整体政策效力高于供给型政策工具与需求型政策工具。未来中国科技企业孵化器政策供给,应重点强化政策供给质量；加强政策力度、政策目标、政策措施、政策主体对政策效果的协同促进作用、匹配成效；巩固环境型政策效果,增加需求型政策工具的供给和使用。

Abstract:

Optimizing the policy tools related to the top-level design of science and technology business incubators is of great strategic significance for the in-depth promotion of the construction of an innovative country in the new era. By collecting relevant policy documents and authoritative data on the development of science and technology business incubators issued by the state during the period of 2006-2022, we constructed an effectiveness assessment method and an effectiveness assessment model to measure the effectiveness of science and technology business incubator policies, and provided decision-making reference for optimizing and improving the top-level design support mechanism of science and technology business incubator policies. The results show that the number of policy texts is basically consistent with the evolution of total policy effectiveness; policy measures, policy objectives and policy subjects score better than policy strength; and the overall policy effectiveness of environmental policy tools is higher than that of supply-type policy tools and demand-type policy tools. In the future, China"s science and technology business incubator policy supply should focus on strengthening the quality of policy supply; strengthening the synergistic promotion and matching effectiveness of policy strength, policy objectives, policy measures and policy subjects; consolidating the effect of environment-based policies and increasing the supply and use of demand-based policy tools.