基于技术调解理论的维贝克伦理建构性技术评估思想研究

Research on the Ethical-Constructive Technology Assessment Thought of Verbeek Based on the Theory of Technological Mediation

摘要:

维贝克超越建构性技术评估思想和伦理技术评估思想提出伦理建构性技术评估思想。他认为，伦理技术评估思想的局限在于限制技术开辟新道德形式的可能性，其方法也过度依赖清单法，可能导致低估技术的道德复杂性，无法解决超出预期的伦理后果。他以环绕式人技关系为逻辑起点、技术调解为逻辑内核重构技术评估理论，提出一种实质为技术伴随的伦理建构性技术评估思想，不仅在宏观上关注技术对道德框架和社会进程的影响，也在微观上关注技术对用户日常生活的影响，即从人与技术关系的内部解决伦理问题。尽管伦理建构性技术评估方法遭受质疑，认为它简化了人与技术的关系、给技术评估带来新问题，甚至可能颠覆技术评估，但这一评估方法为解决技术评估正面临的结果主义危机提供了一种新思路。

Abstract:

Verbeek puts forward the thought of ethical-constructive technology assessment beyond the idea of constructive technology assessment and ethical technology assessment. He argues that, the limitations of ethical technology assessment lie in limiting the possibilities of technology to open up new forms of morality, and its approach also relies too much on the checklist method, which can lead to underestimating the moral complexity of technology and failing to address the ethical consequences beyond expectations. He reconstructs the theory of technology assessment with the wrap-around human-technology relationship as the logical starting point and technological mediation as the logical core, and puts forward an ethical-constructive technology assessment idea that is essentially technology accompaniment. It focuses not only on the impact of technology on ethical frameworks and social processes at the macro level, but also on the impact of technology on the daily lives of users at the micro level, that is, to solve ethical issues from the inside of the relationship between people and technology. Although the ethical constructive technology assessment approach has been questioned as simplifying the relationship between people and technology, bringing new problems to technology assessment, and possibly even subverting technology assessment, it provides a new way of thinking about solving the consequentialist crisis that technology assessment is facing now.