企业创新生态系统演化的影响因素——基于扎根理论的探索性研究＊

The Influencing Factors of Enterprise Innovation Ecosystem Evolution——An Exploratory Study Based on Grounded Theory

摘要:

企业创新生态系统健康演化是建设创新型国家的内在要求,探究企业创新生态系统演化的影响因素和内在机理有助于推进企业创新生态系统健康演化。通过对10家建立创新生态系统的核心企业访谈资料的扎根理论分析,构建了企业创新生态系统演化影响因素模型,包括吸收能力、组织间信任、网络嵌入性和环境冗余度4个主范畴以及对应的10个子范畴。研究结果发现：吸收能力(获取与消化外部知识、转化与应用外部知识、研发投入)、组织间信任(组织间信任)、网络嵌入性(关系嵌入、网络中心性)和环境冗余度(基础设施支撑性、配套商可得性、人才支撑、政策支持)这4个主范畴对企业创新生态系统演化存在显著影响；吸收能力是内驱因素,组织间信任是微观情境因素,网络嵌入性是中观情境因素,环境冗余度是宏观情境因素,它们影响企业创新生态系统演化的方式和路径并不一致。研究结论对企业创新生态系统建设实践具有借鉴意义。

Abstract:

The healthy evolution of the enterprise innovation ecosystem is an inherent requirement for building an innovative country. Exploring the influencing factors and internal mechanisms of the enterprise innovation ecosystem evolution is beneficial to promote the healthy evolution of the enterprise innovation ecosystem. Based on the grounded theory analysis of the interview data of ten hub enterprises which established innovation ecosystem, a model of factors affecting the evolution of enterprise innovation ecosystems is constructed, which includes four main categories, namely absorptive capacity, inter-organizational trust, network embeddedness, and environmental munificence and ten corresponding sub-categories. The results show that the four main categories of absorptive capacity (acquiring and assimilating external knowledge, transforming and exploiting external knowledge, R D investment), inter-organizational trust(inter-organizational trust), network embeddedness (relationship embeddedness, network centrality) and environmental munificence (infrastructure support, availability of supporting suppliers, talent support, policy support) have significant impacts on the evolution of the enterprise innovation ecosystem. Absorptive capacity is the internal driving factor, inter-organizational trust is the micro-situational factor, network embeddedness is the meso-situational factor, and environmental munificence is the macro-situational factor. The ways and paths they affect the evolution of an enterprise innovation ecosystem are not consistent. The research conclusions have reference significance for the construction and practice of enterprise innovation ecosystem.