医药企业转型的创新网络变化特征 ——基于BF公司仿制药到原创新药的纵向案例分析

Innovation Network Dynamics in the Transformation of Pharmaceutical Enterprises: A Longitudinal Case Study of Company BF’s Shift from Generic to Original Drug Development

摘要:

中国医药企业的科技创新重心正在从仿制药研发向原创新药研发转换，该过程中以企业为核心的创新网络特征发生了相应的变化。以制药企业BF公司从仿制药研制到原创新药研制为纵向案例，运用企业创新网络、组织学习平衡等创新理论和方法，采用深度访谈，同时辅以查阅学术文献、网上信息、企业内部文件资料等方式搜集数据并对其进行编码，从网络节点构成、连接强度和合作类型3个维度，对原创新药与仿制药研发的创新网络进行比较。研究发现：（1）对比仿制药研发，原创新药研发的创新网络规模更大，成员异质性更强，结构更复杂；（2）新药研发过程中焦点企业的组织学习平衡模式一般为间断型。但在特定阶段，如果将焦点企业与强连接合作伙伴看作平等主体，则构成双元型组织学习平衡模式。该特点在原创新药研发中更为突出；（3）新药研发过程中，技术创新能力均由强连接合作伙伴供给。焦点企业通过专注于技术基础能力提升，强化自身在新药研发和生产中的专业化优势，保证了间断型组织学习平衡模式的循环演进。

Abstract:

The focus of technological innovation in Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises is shifting from the generic drugs to the research and development of original new drugs. This process involves changes in the characteristics of innovation networks centered around enterprises. Using Company BF’s transition from generic drug to original new drug development as a longitudinal case study, this research employs innovation theories and methodologies such as enterprise innovation networks and organizational learning balance to compare the innovation networks of original new drug and generic drug development. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, supplemented by academic literature, online information, and internal company documents, and subsequently coded. The innovation networks are compared across three dimensions: network node composition, connection strength, and types of cooperation. The research results indicate that compared to generic drug development, the innovation network for original new drug development is larger, with greater heterogeneity among its members and a more complex structure. During new drug development, the organizational learning balance mode of the focal enterprise is generally intermittent. However, at specific stages, if the focal enterprise and its strong-tie partners are considered equal entities, a dual organizational learning balance mode is formed. This characteristic is more prominent in the development of original new drugs. In the process of new drug development, technological innovation capabilities are provided by strongly connected partners. The focal enterprise enhances its specialization in new drug research and production by focusing on improving its fundamental technological capabilities, thereby ensuring the cyclical evolution of the intermittent organizational learning balance model.