创新要素错配、空间溢出与碳排放效率关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Misallocation of Innovation Factor, Spatial Spillover, and Carbon Emission Efficiency

摘要:

不断优化创新要素配置对实现碳减排目标进而推动经济高质量发展至关重要。从理论层面剖析创新要素错配对碳排放效率的影响机制和空间溢出效应，构建创新要素错配和碳排放效率的测度框架，并利用2012-2021年中国省域面板数据实证检验创新要素错配对碳排放效率的影响及空间溢出效应。结果发现：创新要素错配显著抑制本地区碳排放效率提升并对空间关联地区的碳排放效率产生不利影响，且结论通过双重稳健性检验；创新要素错配对碳排放效率的影响存在地区异质性，中部和西南地区创新要素错配对本地区碳排放效率起到抑制作用，而东部、东北和西北地区影响不明显，五大地区创新要素错配对空间关联地区的碳排放效率均起到抑制作用。因此，提出不断优化创新要素市场配置机制、有效鼓励企业低碳技术的创新和应用、形成区域创新合力等助力碳排放效率提升的政策建议。

Abstract:

Continuous optimization of the allocation of innovation factors is crucial for achieving carbon reduction goals and promoting high-quality economic development. From a theoretical perspective, this paper analyzes the impact mechanism and spatial spillover effects of innovation factor misallocation on carbon emission efficiency. It constructs a measurement framework for innovation factor misallocation and carbon emission efficiency, and uses provincial panel data from China for the period 2012-2021 to empirically test the impact of innovation factor misallocation on carbon emission efficiency and its spatial spillover effects. The results show that innovation factor misallocation significantly inhibits the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the region and adversely affects the carbon emission efficiency of spatially related regions, with the conclusions being robust through dual robustness tests. The impact of innovation factor misallocation on carbon emission efficiency exhibits regional heterogeneity: it has a suppressive effect on carbon emission efficiency in central and southwestern regions, while the impact is not significant in eastern, northeastern, and northwestern regions. Misallocation of innovation factors in all five major regions suppresses the carbon emission efficiency of spatially related regions. Therefore, policy recommendations are proposed to continuously optimize the market allocation mechanism of innovation factors, effectively encourage the innovation and application of low-carbon technologies by enterprises, and form a regional innovation synergy to enhance carbon emission efficiency.