多元主体的资源协同：产业化导向的海洋科技成果转化机制分析

Resource Synergy Among Multiple Stakeholders: An Analysis of the Mechanisms for the Commercialization of Industrialization-Oriented Marine Scientific and Technological Achievements

摘要:

海洋经济高质量发展亟需海洋科技成果转化为现实生产力，但目前影响海洋科技成果转化的深层次矛盾依然未得到解决。聚焦海洋科技成果转化成效的影响因素，选取海洋科技成果转化全周期的22位参与人员，通过半结构化访谈来识别深层次的影响原因，经过扎根理论三层编码过程，探讨海洋科技成果转化的参与主体和要素及其各要素之间所构成的结构关系和运行方式。研究发现：实现产业化是海洋科技成果转化的目标指向也是成果转化机制构建的前提假设，一致性互动是海洋科技成果转化机制构建的自组织过程；要实现海洋科技成果产业化目标还需要在环境和政策构成的宏观结构中，满足科技成果、市场需求和转化意愿等引发条件，由科研团队的工程化实施、中介服务机构的产业组织、产业化团队的运营、政府对产业化过程的保障、监督等多元主体的资源协同来完成海洋科技成果转化机制的整体性搭建。基于以上结论，从提升科研人员的工程化应用能力、技术应用人才教育培养体系完善、解决科技成果供需信息不对称等方面提出提升海洋科技成果转化成效的政策建议。

Abstract:

The high-quality development of the marine economy urgently requires commercializing marine scientific and technological achievements into tangible productivity forces. However, the deep-seated contradictions affecting the this commercialization remain unresolved. This paper focuses on the factors influencing the effectiveness of marine achievements transformation. 22 participants, involved throughout the entire cycle of marine achievements commercialization, are selected for semi-structured interviews to identify the underlying causes of these issues. Using the three-level coding method based on grounded theory, 66 concepts are derived and grouped into 21 categories, which are then aligned with stakeholders to establish 11 core categories. Furthermore, it examines the structural relationships and operational modes among the stakeholders and elements involved in marine achievements commercialization, ultimately forming an "integration-network" paradigm for these elements. The findings indicate that industrialization is the primary goal and foundational assumption for building the marine achievements commercialization mechanism, while consistent interaction acts as a self-organizing process in its development. To achieve the goal of industrializing marine scientific and technological achievements, it is necessary to satisfy the triggering conditions of technological advancements, market demand, and willingness to commercialize within a macrostructure shaped by the environment and policies. The comprehensive establishment of the commercialization mechanism relies on the resource coordination of multiple stakeholders, including the engineering implementation by research teams, the industrial organization by intermediary service institutions, the operations of industrialization teams, and the government’s support and supervision throughout the industrialization process. Based on this, to make a more effective marine achievements commercialization, it suggests improving the engineering application capabilities of researchers, refining the education and training systems for technical application talent, and addressing the information asymmetry between supply and demand for technological outcomes.