美国生物数据战略发展态势及启示

Development Trends and Implications of the United States' Biological Data Strategy

摘要:

生物数据作为生物经济的基本“燃料”,广泛应用于科学研究、药物研发、疾病分析、生物制造等领域。大国竞争的新形势下,2022年9月,美国总统拜登签署《关于促进生物技术和生物制造创新以建立可持续、安全和有保障的美国生物经济的行政命令》明确将生物数据视为驱动生物经济发展的决定性要素之一。本文深入剖析了美国生物数据战略发展历程,掌握其基本发展规律,总结美国生物数据战略实施过程中的关键举措和主要特点,立足于我国生物数据发展现状与问题,系统性设计了我国生物数据发展路径,以期为我国生物数据战略的顶层设计提供参考借鉴。研究建议我国开展生物计量等前沿领域研究、强化研究与建设经费支持力度、加快建立生物数据治理体系三点举措。

Abstract:

As the basic "fuel" of the bioeconomy, biodata are widely used in science research, drug research and development, disease analysis, bio-manufacturing and other fields. Under the new situation of competition among big countries, in September 2022, President Biden signed the Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy, which explicitly regards biodata as one of the decisive elements to drive the development of bioeconomy. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the development history of the U.S. biodata strategy, grasps its basic development law, summarizes the key initiatives and main features of the implementation process of the U.S. biodata strategy, bases itself on the status quo and problems of China"s biodata development, and systematically designs the path of China"s biodata development, with a view to providing references and lessons for the top-level design of China"s biodata strategy. Research recommendations: China"s three-point initiative to carry out research in cutting-edge areas such as biometrics, strengthen financial support for research and construction, and accelerate the establishment of a biodata governance system.