考虑环境治理成本下“互联网+”回收平台的回收决策与制造商推广策略选择

Recycling Decisions and the Manufacturer’s Promotion Strategy Selection in a “Internet+” Recycling Platform considering the Environmental Governance Costs

摘要:

随着资源短缺和环境污染问题的倒逼，以及数字经济和互联网技术的发展，“互联网+”回收应用应运而生，这类平台的参与机制和影响机制也逐渐成为学术热点。此外，环境治理成本虽增加了企业的运营成本，但能够潜在地促进消费者的新产品需求并提高废旧产品的回收率，因而需要研究企业“互联网+”回收决策，探讨环境治理成本对企业利润的影响。由此，构建由单一供应商、制造商和第三方回收商（3PR）组成的闭环供应链，其中制造商是领导者，可以选择推广或不推广“互联网+”回收平台。在此基础上，研究制造商推广“互联网+”回收模式的动机、3PR的回收定价和回收努力程度等决策，并探讨环境治理成本的影响机制。研究发现：一旦出现环境治理成本且单位环境治理成本较小时，3PR付出回收努力程度能够带来废旧产品回收价的降低和回收数量、3PR利润的提高；一旦考虑环境治理成本，3PR付出回收努力程度并且制造商推广“互联网+”回收平台能够带来最高需求和制造商利润，并且随着拆解率的提高而提高；3PR只有在拆解率高于一定阈值时才和制造商的偏好一致，而供应商的策略偏好与3PR刚好相反。基于研究结论，针对家电平台商家、上游家电厂商、政府和3PR等不同视角提出发展建议。

Abstract:

Driven by the pressures of resource shortages and environmental pollution, and the development of digital economy and internet technology, “I nternet+” recycling such as “Ai Huishou” and “Dabashou” came into being, and the participation mechanism and influence mechanism of such platforms have gradually become a hot academic topic. In addition, although environmental governance costs increase the operating costs of enterprises, they can potentially promote consumers’ demand for new products and improve the recycling rate of used products. Therefore, it is necessary to study enterprises’ “Internet+” recycling decisions and to explore the impact of environmental governance costs on enterprises’ profits. Aiming at this, this paper constructs a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a supplier, a manufacturer, and a third-party recycler (3PR). Among them, the manufacturer is the leader and can choose whether to promote or not promote the “Internet+” recycling platform. On this basis, it studies the behind the manufacturer promoting the “Internet+” recycling model, the decisions regarding 3PR’s recycling pricing and its level of recycling effort, as well as the impact mechanism of environmental governance costs on the motivation and decisions. The results indicate that: once environmental governance costs arise and the unit environmental governance cost is relatively low, the 3PR’s recycling effort can reduce the recycling price of used products and increase the both its recycling quantity and its profit. When environmental governance costs are taken into account, the 3PR’s recycling effort and the manufacturer’s promotion of the “Internet+” recycling platform lead to the highest demand and manufacturer profits, which increase with the improvement of the disassembly rate. The 3PR’s preference aligns with the manufacturer’s only when the disassembly rate exceeds a certain threshold, while the supplier’s strategic preferences are opposite to those of the 3PR. Based on above conclusions, development suggestions from different perspectives of home appliance platform merchants, upstream home appliance manufacturers, the government, and the 3PR are provided.