促进新能源消纳的虚拟电厂运营优化策略

Operation Optimization Strategy of Virtual Power Plants for Promoting New Energy Consumption

摘要:

虚拟电厂进入市场的前提是能够通过聚合优化调度发挥分布式资源的调节潜力、促进新能源消纳，而将新能源消纳考核与超额消纳激励纳入虚拟电厂运营优化策略能够提升其资源聚合优化水平，促进其进一步参与市场运营。然而，目前相关研究缺乏对此方面的关注，同时缺乏精细化的相关定量分析。为此，构建虚拟电厂参与电能量、调峰辅助服务交易联合的市场框架，基于用户需求弹性分析提出考虑负荷调节概率的虚拟电厂新能源消纳考核与激励模型，根据虚拟电厂运营由于内部资源不确定性带来考核的经济风险，采取用户调节概率以削弱消纳的不确定性，进而提出促进虚拟电厂消纳新能源的运营优化策略。此外，将考虑新能源考核激励的运营优化策略与一般运营策略的结果进行对比，以验证所提出模型的可行性，并通过构建高电价场景和高资源场景修正模型参数，进一步分析模型对不同场景的适应性。结果表明：在参与电力市场联合交易条件下，不同场景下采用考虑新能源考核激励运营优化策略的虚拟电厂，不仅在市场运营效益上有更好表现，同时能够明显提高新能源消纳量、发挥峰谷调节作用，更有效地协调其内部负荷、保障电力系统平稳运行。由此，在完善市场交易机制、因地制宜丰富商业模式等方面得出提高虚拟电厂市场竞争力的相关启示。

Abstract:

The prerequisite for virtual power plants to enter the market is to be able to optimize the scheduling of distributed resources through aggregation and optimize the potential of regulating and promoting the consumption of new energy, and the incorporation of new energy consumption assessment and over-consumption incentives into the operation optimization strategy of virtual power plants can enhance the level of optimization of their resource aggregation and promote their further participation in the market operation. However, the current research lacks attention to this aspect, and there is a lack of refined quantitative analysis. To this end, we construct a market framework for virtual power plants to participate in the joint trading of electric energy and peaking auxiliary services, propose a new energy consumption assessment and incentive model for virtual power plants based on the analysis of user demand elasticity that takes into account the probability of load regulation, and adopt the probability of user regulation to weaken the uncertainty of consumption according to the economic risk of assessment brought about by the uncertainty of internal resources in the operation of virtual power plants, and then put forward an operation optimization strategy that promotes new energy consumption in virtual power plants. The operation optimization strategy to promote the consumption of new energy by virtual power plants will be proposed. In addition, the results of the operation optimization strategy considering new energy assessment incentives are compared with those of the general operation strategy to verify the feasibility of the proposed model, and the model parameters are modified by constructing a high tariff scenario and a high resource scenario to further analyze the adaptability of the model to different scenarios. The results show that under the conditions of joint trading in the power market, the virtual power plants adopting the operation optimization strategy considering the new energy appraisal and incentive in different scenarios not only have a better performance in terms of market operation efficiency, but also can significantly improve the new energy consumption, play the role of peak and valley regulation, coordinate their internal loads more effectively, and ensure the smooth operation of the power system. As a result, there are relevant insights to improve the market competitiveness of virtual power plants in terms of improving the market trading mechanism and enriching the business model according to local conditions