区域协同创新视角下广东省众创空间运行效率评价研究

Evaluation Research on the Operational Efficiency of Makerspaces in Guangdong Province from the Perspective of Regional Collaborative Innovation

摘要:

众创空间的有效运行在很大程度上影响着区域创新效率。建立能够有效分析运行效率的科学评价体系，才能找到众创空间无序发展的问题所在，以实现其发展的辐射带动作用和价值利益的最大化。鉴于此，基于广东省众创空间2016－2020年有关面板数据，采用BCC模型和数据包络分析（DEA）—马姆奎斯特指数（Malmquist）指数模型相结合的方法，通过动静态结合对广东省众创空间运行效率进行客观评价分析，以期为提升众创空间服务的有效供给提供参考。结果表明：2018年是广东省众创空间转型发展的关键年份，逐渐从开始的规模化增长逐渐转型迈向高质量发展，但不同城市之间的综合效率水平极不平衡，综合效率最高的城市效率值为1.000，最低的城市效率值为0.384；广东省众创空间运行效率整体表现较好，处于逐年增长的态势，其中众创空间的整体运营管理水平和技术投入效率逐年提高，但单一的规模驱动增长模式很难保持持续增长，技术进步变化对众创空间运行效率的影响更加显著。因此，需要构建科学合理的众创空间运行评价指标体系，明晰正确的发展方向，减少资源冗余和浪费。

Abstract:

The effective operation of makespaces affects the efficiency of regional innovation greatly. Only by establishing a scientific evaluation system that effectively analyzes operational efficiency can we identify the problems with the disorderly development of the makespaces so that its radiating and driving role can be achieved and its value and benefits can be maximized. In view of this, based on the panel data of Guangdong Province's makerspaces from 2016 to 2020, a combination of BCC model and Data Envelopment Analysis DEA-Malmquist index model is adopted to objectively evaluate and analyze the operational efficiency of Guangdong Province's makerspaces through a combination of dynamic and static methods, in order to provide reference for improving the effective supply of makerspaces services. The results show that 2018 is a crucial year for the transformation and development of Guangdong's makespaces, gradually transitioning from large-scale growth to high-quality development. However, the comprehensive efficiency levels between different cities are extremely uneven, with the highest comprehensive efficiency value being 1.000 while the lowest being 0.384; the overall performance of the operational efficiency of Guangdong's makerspaces is good, showing a trend of increasing year by year. The overall operational management level and technological investment efficiency of makerspaces have been improving year by year, but a single scale-driven growth model is difficult to maintain sustained growth. Technological progress and changes have a more significant impact on the operational efficiency of makerspaces. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for the operation of makespaces, clarify the correct development direction, and reduce resource redundancy and waste.