碳中和目标下中日煤炭领域科技合作机制的转变

The Dynamics of Sino-Japan Scientific and Technological Collaboration Mechanisms in the Coal Sector under the Goal of Carbon Neutrality

摘要:

中日两国作为煤炭消费大国且洁净煤技术领先的国家，在煤炭领域的科技合作对于公正推进能源转型，加速两国乃至世界实现碳中和目标具有重要的现实意义。通过文献梳理，提炼出国际科技合作三大机制，即动力机制，保障机制和制约机制。研究发现，在碳中和目标提出之后，两国动力机制中煤炭政策的导向一致性有所提升，但各个机制内部均出现了不确定性因素。鉴于此，为推进中日煤炭领域科技合作，应当构建跨境跨业种煤炭清洁高效利用产业链，共同向第三方市场推广洁净煤技术、助力能源公正转型，发挥合作推进机构职能、推动信息公开和共享。

Abstract:

As major coal-consuming nations and leaders in advanced clean coal technologies, China and Japan's scientific and technological collaboration in the coal sector plays a critical role in promoting just energy transitions and accelerating the realization of carbon neutrality goals for both countries and the world at large. Through literature review, three key mechanisms of international science and technology collaboration have been identified: the driving mechanism, the guarantee mechanism, and the constraint mechanism. The research finds that following the introduction of carbon neutrality targets, there has been increased alignment in the direction of coal policies within the driving mechanisms. However, uncertainties have emerged within each of the three mechanisms. In light of this, to further Sino-Japanese collaboration in coal technology, it is essential to establish cross-border and inter-industry value chains for clean and efficient coal utilization, promote clean coal technologies to third-party markets to facilitate just energy transitions, and enhance the functions of collaboration promotion agencies to promote information disclosure and sharing.