制造企业数字化转型评价体系的构建与应用

Construction and Application of Digital Transformation Evaluation System for Manufacturing Enterprises

摘要:

制造业作为国民经济支柱产业，其关键领域转型升级对于增强国家产业竞争力具有重要意义。科学评估制造企业数字化转型水平和能力是促进制造业转型实践的关键，从数字化管理保障、数字化基础支撑、业务数字化转型、数字化效能效益4个维度构建中国制造业数字化转型评价体系，形成制造企业数字化转型指数，探究中国制造企业数字化转型现状。通过层次分析法确定评价指标权重，并基于两化融合公共服务平台上28万余家企业数据，对中国当前不同规模制造企业数字化转型水平进行测算和分析。研究发现：中国多数制造企业数字化转型尚处于起步阶段，仅少数企业步入数字化转型的“深水区”。具体来看，企业数字化管理保障、数字化基础支撑、数字化效能效益方面建设成效较好，业务数字化转型是企业仍需突破的短板弱项。据此，从企业和政府视角提出发展建议：一方面，企业首先应开展数字化转型相关评估，加大数字化转型投入，同时注重新一代信息技术在关键业务环节的综合应用，并加快创新与业务模式变革；另一方面，政府部门可通过政策引导加强财政支持，加大监管力度，支持相关转型标准制定，以此加快中国制造企业数字化转型步伐。

Abstract:

As a pillar industry of the national economy, the transformation and upgrading of key areas in the manufacturing industry is of great significance for enhancing the country's industrial competitiveness. Scientific evaluation of the digital transformation level and capability of manufacturing enterprises is the key to promoting the practice of manufacturing transformation. A digital transformation evaluation system for China's manufacturing industry is constructed from four dimensions: digital management guarantee, digital infrastructure support, business digital transformation, and digital efficiency and benefits. A digital transformation index for manufacturing enterprises is formed to explore the current status of digital transformation in China's manufacturing industry. By using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of evaluation indicators, and based on data from more than 280 000 enterprises on the two integration public service platform, the current level of digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises of different scales in China is measured and analyzed. Research has found that the digital transformation of most manufacturing enterprises in China is still in its infancy, with only a few entering the deep waters of digital transformation. Specifically, the construction of digital management guarantee, digital infrastructure support, and digital efficiency benefits for enterprises has achieved good results. However, the digital transformation of business is still a weak point that enterprises need to overcome. Based on this, development suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of enterprises and governments. On the one hand, enterprises should first conduct evaluations related to digital transformation, increase investment in digital transformation, and pay attention to the comprehensive application of next-generation information technology in key business processes, while accelerating innovation and business model transformation. On the other hand, government departments can strengthen financial support, increase regulatory efforts, and support the development of relevant transformation standards through policy guidance, in order to accelerate the pace of digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises in China.