基于EBM-GML模型的数字经济对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响

Digital Economy's Impact on Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity: An Empirical Study Based on the EBM-GML Model

摘要:

探究中国现阶段数字经济对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响和作用机制,有助于推进农业绿色发展,为实现农业高质量发展拓展新路径。采用EBM-GML生产率指数对中国31个省份2011—2020年农业绿色全要素生产率进行测算,再利用系统GMM模型实证检验数字经济对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:(1)中国农业绿色全要素生产率呈稳定上升趋势,年均增长率为1%,其增长动力主要来自技术进步；(2)中国各省份农业绿色全要素生产率的发展水平差异较大,2011—2020年期间有75%的地区年均增长为正值；(3)数字基础设施、农业数字化和农业数字产业化对农业整体绿色发展具有显著正向影响；(4)地区异质性分析表明粮食主产区的数字经济对农业绿色全要素生产率的效应更明显。最终数字经济的发展能够有效促进农业的绿色发展,有必要制定相关策略以提高农业绿色全要素生产率,助推农业绿色高质量发展。

Abstract:

Exploring the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on agricultural green total factor productivity at the current stage in China will help to promote the green development of agriculture and expand new paths for realizing high-quality development of agriculture. The EBM-GML productivity index is used to measure the agricultural green total factor productivity of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, and then the system GMM model is used to empirically test the impact of the digital economy on the agricultural green total factor productivity in terms of digital infrastructure, agricultural digitization and agricultural digital industrialization. The results show that: (1) China"s agricultural green total factor productivity is on a steady upward trend, with an average annual growth rate of 1%, and its growth is mainly driven by technological progress; (2) The development level of agricultural green total factor productivity varies greatly among China"s provinces, with 75% of the regions experiencing positive annual growth during the period of 2011-2020; (3) The impact of digital infrastructure, agricultural digitalization and agricultural digital industrialization have a significant positive impact on the overall green development of agriculture; (4) Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of digital economy on agricultural green total factor productivity is more obvious in the main grain producing areas. The development of digital economy can effectively promote the green development of agriculture, and it is necessary to formulate relevant strategies to improve the green total factor productivity of agriculture and boost the high-quality development of agriculture.