边界组织理论视域下的科技伦理治理研究

Research on Science and Technology Ethics Governance from the Perspective of Boundary Organization Theory

摘要:

科技伦理治理的内在逻辑是维护科学社会契约关系的稳定，本质要求是多元利益相关者共同参与治理，因此需要搭建利益相关者多元参与的活动平台。基于边界组织理论，借鉴美国研究诚信办公室的成功经验和做法，认为政治一方需主动搭建边界组织活动的平台，并对边界组织进行一定授权，提供相应的制度保障；同时，科技伦理治理工作应聚焦于科学和政治之间的边界，发挥利益相关者多元参与治理的边界组织作用。针对中国科技伦理治理制度不健全、科技伦理宣传教育有待系统开展、监督审查未能有效开展等问题，认为国家科技伦理治理委员会正是处于科学和政治之间的边界组织，要在分析中国科技伦理治理现状和问题的基础上，理清科技伦理治理之责，并充分发挥国家科技伦理治理委员会在指导和统筹协调推进全国科技伦理治理体系建设工作的角色定位作用，从而谋划构建中国科技伦理治理的有效机制。

Abstract:

The Guidelines on Strengthening the Governance over Ethics in Science and Technology indicates that China's top-level guideline for science and technology ethics governance has been preliminarily completed, but an effective mechanism for science and technology ethics governance has yet to be formed. Employing the research methodology of the Politics of Science, this paper argues that the inherent logic of ethical governance in technology is to maintain the stability of social contract within the scientific community, which essentially requires the joint participation of multiple stakeholders in governance. Consequently, there is a need to construct a platform that facilitates the diverse participation of stakeholders in governance activities. Based on the theory of boundary organizations and drawing on the successful experience and practices of the Office of Research Integrity in the United States, it is believed that the political side should take the initiative to build a platform for boundary organization activities, authorize boundary organizations to a certain extent, and provide corresponding institutional guarantees. At the same time, the governance of technological ethics should focus on the boundary between science and politics, and leverage the diverse participation of stakeholders in governance. In response to the problems of the incomplete governance system of science and technology ethics in China, the need for systematic promotion and education of science and technology ethics, and the ineffective implementation of supervision and review, it is believed that the National Science and Technology Ethics Governance Committee, as the boundary organization between science and politics, shoulders the responsibility to analyze the current situation and problems of science and technology ethics governance in China, clarify the responsibilities of science and technology ethics governance, build a bridge for communication between science and politics, and fully play the role in guiding and coordinating the construction of the national science and technology ethics governance system, so as to plan and build an effective mechanism for China's science and technology ethics governance.