数字创业生态系统要素耦合对区域创业质效水平的影响机制 ——基于必要条件分析和模糊集定性比较分析方法的研究

The Impact Mechanism of the Digital Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Elements Coupling on Regional Entrepreneurship Quality and Efficiency: Research Based on Necessary Condition Analysis and Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Methods

摘要:

数字创业生态系统的目标是全面挖掘创业潜能，激发创业活力和动力，因此如何处理好创业主体和创业环境间复杂的耦合关系是优化数字创业生态系统和提升创业质效的关键所在。基于组态视角，结合必要条件分析和模糊集定性比较分析两种方法，利用创业生态系统理论，以中国206个城市案例数据为样本，探究系统内金融资本、人力资本、政府支出规模、创业文化、市场规模、数字技术六大要素与城市创业质效水平间的复杂因果关系。结果发现：单因素不构成产生高创业质效水平的必要条件；有3条产生高创业质效的路径，分别是市场-技术“双轮”驱动型、数字技术与市场双重主导下文化-资本驱动型、文化主导逻辑下技术-金融驱动型，且均包含数字技术要素，证实数字技术对创业质效水平具有关键作用；产生非高创业质效水平的路径有两大类，且与导致高创业质效水平的路径呈因果非对称关系。由于多个因素可从不同方式实现区域高创业质效水平，因此各地政府应根据其自身优势选择适应当地发展特点的推动策略，有针对性地集中资源促进关键要素发展。

Abstract:

The goal of the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem is to fully tap the entrepreneurial potential and stimulate entrepreneurial vitality and power. Based on the configuration perspective, combining the two methods of necessary condition analysis and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, this paper uses the entrepreneurial ecosystem theory and takes the case data of 206 cities in China as samples, to explore the complex causal relationship between the financial capital, human capital, government expenditure scale, entrepreneurial culture, market size and digital technology in the system and the quality and efficiency level of urban entrepreneurship. It is found that single factor does not constitute the necessary condition for high entrepreneurial quality and efficiency. There are three paths to produce high entrepreneurial quality and efficiency, which are respectively driven by market and technology, driven by culture and capital under the dual dominance of digital technology and market, and driven by technology and finance under the logic of culture. All of above paths contain digital technology elements, highlighting its pivotal role in enhancing entrepreneurial quality and efficiency. There are two main types of paths that generate non-high levels of entrepreneurial quality and efficiency, and they have a causal asymmetric relationship with the paths that lead to high levels of entrepreneurial quality and efficiency. As multiple factors can achieve high regional entrepreneurial quality and efficiency in different ways, local governments should choose promotion strategies adapted to local development characteristics according to their own advantages, and concentrate resources to promote the development of key factors.