大股东异质性、组织距离与企业协同创新质量

Majority shareholder heterogeneity, organizational distance and the quality of corporate co-innovation

摘要:

股东多元化能为企业提供多样性创新资源，但也扩张了组织距离并增加了协同成本。针对企业如何平衡创新资源异质性与协同创新质量提升问题，基于协同学基础理论和广义高阶梯队理论探索大股东异质性对企业协同创新质量的影响机制。研究发现，大股东异质性有碍于企业协同创新质量提升，股东多元化带来的创新资源效应并没有抵消因其异质性而增加的组织协同阻力。机制分析发现，大股东异质性是通过扩大组织距离形成组织“断裂”进而降低了企业协同创新质量。治理体系方面，市场型知识治理和社会型知识治理不仅能够弱化大股东异质性对协同创新质量的阻碍作用，同时也削弱了组织距离对协同创新质量的负向影响。而权威型知识治理反而加剧了大股东异质性和组织距离对企业协同创新质量的阻碍作用。结论表明，企业在聚合创新资源过程中不宜过于追求差异化和多元化，创新主体之间讲求志同道合，同时还要注重提升组织内部协同能力和建构企业聚合异质性创新资源的有效机制。

Abstract:

Shareholder diversity can provide diverse innovation resources for enterprises, but it also expands organizational distance and increases collaborative costs. To address the issue of how to balance the heterogeneity of innovation resources and the improvement of collaborative innovation quality, we explore the influence mechanism of major shareholder heterogeneity on the quality of collaborative innovation based on the fundamental theory of collaborative learning and the generalized higher-order ladder theory. It is found that majority shareholder heterogeneity hinders the improvement of corporate co-innovation quality, and the innovation resource effect brought by shareholder diversity does not offset the increased organizational synergy resistance due to their heterogeneity. The mechanism analysis reveals that the heterogeneity of major shareholders reduces the quality of collaborative innovation by expanding the organizational distance and creating organizational "rupture". In terms of governance mechanisms, market-based knowledge governance and social knowledge governance not only weaken the effect of majority shareholder heterogeneity on co-innovation quality, but also weaken the negative effect of organizational distance on co-innovation quality. Instead, authoritative knowledge governance exacerbates the hindering effects of majority shareholder heterogeneity and organizational distance on firms' co-innovation quality. The conclusion suggests that enterprises should not pursue too much differentiation and diversification in the process of aggregating innovation resources, and that they should seek like-mindedness among innovation subjects, while also focusing on improving the internal collaborative capacity of the organizations and constructing an effective mechanism for the aggregation of heterogeneous innovation resources in the enterprises.