科技馆功能及其配置对策研究

Research on Function and Configuration of Science and Technology Museum

摘要:

科技馆的功能决定了科技馆的定位,直接影响科技馆科普效能的发挥。基于科技馆作为一类科技博物馆的本质属性,围绕科技馆开展科普的特点和需求,本文提出教育功能是科技馆的核心功能,教育资源研发是科技馆基本的研究功能,辐射服务功能是科技馆服务功能的重要组成部分,学术研究和观众服务功能是科技馆展览教育和创新发展的有力保障。并且,考虑不同行政级别的科技馆在自身能力、职责任务等方面存在差异,建议国家级、省级、地市级和县级科技馆有针对性地配备各自的功能,以推动形成全国科技馆发展的合力。其中,国家级科技馆和省级科技馆在具备教育、展教资源研发、观众服务等功能的同时,还要具备辐射服务功能,分别为全国科技馆、本省科技馆体系的建设和发展发挥指导和引领作用；地市级科技馆和县级科技馆应具备基本的教育和观众服务功能,有条件的科技馆可具备辐射服务功能,分别为本市、本县科技馆和其他机构提供科普服务。

Abstract:

The function of science and technology museum determines its orientation, and directly affects its performance. Based on the essential attributes of museum, and focusing on the characteristics and needs to carry out science popularization, it is proposed that the education function is the core function of science and technology museum, the research and development of educational resources is the basic research function , and the radiation service function is an important part of the service function. The function of academic research and audience service is a strong guarantee for the exhibition education and innovative development of science and technology museum.Moreover, considering the differences between science and technology museums at different administrative levels in terms of their own capabilities, responsibilities and tasks, it is suggested that science and technology museums at national, provincial, prefectural and county levels should be equipped with corresponding functions to promote the overall strength of the national science and technology museum.The national science and technology museum and the provincial science and technology museum not only have the functions of education, research and development of exhibition and education resources, and audience service, but also have the function of radiation service, to play a guiding and leading role in the construction and development of the national and the provincial science and technology museum system respectively. The prefecture-level and the county-level science and technology museum should have the basic education and audience service functions, and can have the radiation service function, to provide science popularization services for the city and county museums and other institutions,respectively.