低碳技术如何引领乡村振兴：光伏产业的作用机制与实践路径

How Low-Carbon Technology Leads the Revitalization of Rural Areas: The Mechanism and Practical Pathways of the Photovoltaic Industry

摘要:

加快低碳技术的推广应用,推进农业农村领域碳达峰碳中和,是落实乡村振兴战略的重要举措。乡村丰富的太阳能资源与可用土地面积,为光伏等绿色低碳技术的落地应用与产业化发展提供了得天独厚的条件。本文以宁夏光伏技术赋能乡村振兴为例开展案例研究,从光伏产业的利益相关方,包括政府、光伏企业、村集体组织的视角构建理论分析框架,探索光伏技术赋能乡村振兴的作用机制与实现路径。研究发现:光伏技术通过三大作用机理赋能乡村振兴:一是赋能农业特色产业融合发展及能源结构转型；二是创造就业岗位为与加速人力资本积累；三是完善基础设施与提高乡村文化活力。据此提出“光伏+”理念推动特色产业融合发展的绿色产业振兴路径；确保技能人才供给与光伏产业需求相匹配的人才振兴路径；鼓励多元主体参与光伏项目管理的组织振兴路径。

Abstract:

Accelerating the promotion and application of low-carbon technologies and advancing carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the agricultural and rural sectors are crucial measures for implementing the rural revitalization strategy. The abundant solar energy resources and available land area in rural regions provide unique conditions for the deployment, application, and industrial development of green low-carbon technologies such as photovoltaics. This paper conducts a case study on how photovoltaic technology empowers rural revitalization in Ningxia, building a theoretical analysis framework from the perspectives of stakeholders in the photovoltaic industry, including the government, photovoltaic enterprises, and village collective organizations, to explore the mechanisms and pathways through which photovoltaic technology empowers rural revitalization. The study finds that photovoltaic technology empowers rural revitalization through three major mechanisms: firstly, by enabling the integrated development of agricultural specialty industries and the transformation of energy structures; secondly, by creating employment opportunities and accelerating the accumulation of human capital; and thirdly, by improving infrastructure and enhancing the vitality of rural culture. Based on these findings, the paper proposes the "photovoltaic +" concept to drive the green industrial revitalization path of integrated development of specialty industries; a talent revitalization path that ensures the supply of skilled personnel matches the demands of the photovoltaic industry; and an organizational revitalization path that encourages diverse stakeholders to participate in photovoltaic project management.