美国国家科学基金会科技、创新与伙伴关系部（TIP）的组织角色、核心职能与运行机制

Organizational Role, Core Functions and Operational Mechanism of the Directorate for Technology, Innovation and Partnerships (TIP) of the U.S. National Science Foundation

摘要:

美国国家科学基金会于2022年成立的科技、创新与伙伴关系部（TIP），是以加速关键技术研发、培养创新人才为专职的机构。以TIP成立以来所发布的文献报告和活动资料为依据，分析TIP的组织架构、核心职能与运行机制，以为中国构建更有效的科技成果有效转化机制提供参考借鉴。总体而言，TIP角色定位基于美国国家科学基金会的使命与战略目标，是对美国《2030年愿景》的落实，以高效联结为核心理念鼓励多样化研究。助力科技创新人才培养、参与科技创新系统建设和搭建科技成果转化平台是其三大核心职能，形成涵盖目标引领、主体协同、工作推进、持续发展和评价反馈的闭环式运行机制，助力建设科技转化新生态。TIP通过系列项目资助培养一批专业化研究人员，并通过发布创新可视化地图等途径，助力美国科技创新人才培养与成果转化。有鉴于此，为进一步完善中国科技成果转化的机制，应加强顶层设计，牵头建立可视化动态监测模型，促进数据和信息的开放获取，推动跨部门、跨专业交流。

Abstract:

The Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (TIP), established by the U.S. National Science Foundation in 2022, is a dedicated agency focused on accelerating critical technology development and cultivating innovative talent. Based on TIP’ s publicly released literature, reports, and activity materials since its inception, this study analyzes its organizational structure, core functions, and operational mechanisms to provide references for China in building a more effective scientific and technological(S&T) achievement transformation system. The role of TIP is positioned based on the mission and strategic goals of the U.S. National Science Foundation, serving as an implementation of the U.S. Vision 2030. With a core concept of efficient connectivity, it encourages diversified research. Its three core functions are to help cultivate S&T innovation talents, participate in the construction of scientific and technological innovation systems, and build a platform for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. It has formed a closed-loop operation mechanism covering goal guidance, subject coordination, work promotion, sustainable development, and evaluation feedback, helping to build a new ecology for scientific and technological transformation. TIP has funded a number of professional researchers through a series of projects, and has helped the United States cultivate scientific and technological innovation talents and transform their achievements by publishing innovative visualization maps and other means. Drawing from these insights, China should strengthen top-level design to improve its S&T achievement transformation mechanisms. Recommendations include establishing a visualized dynamic monitoring model, promoting open access to data and information, and enhancing cross-departmental and interdisciplinary collaboration.