企业专利开放许可实施意愿的影响因素 ——来自广东省的实证

Research on the Influencing Factors of Enterprises" Willingness to Implement Patent License of Right: Evidence from Guangdong Province

摘要:

自专利开放许可制度实施以来,专利权人的实施意愿成为这一新制度能否落实落地的关键所在。企业是专利权人的主要群体之一,因此企业专利开放许可实施意愿也就成为大家关注的焦点问题。采用TOE理论和TAM模型相结合构建结构方程,从技术、组织和环境三个层面来探讨广东省企业专利开放许可实施意愿的影响因素。在技术因素层面,专利开放许可制度的相对优势提高了企业对易用性和有用性的感知,同时新制度与企业现有资源的兼容性越好,企业的实施意愿越强；在组织因素方面,企业规模和战略规划对实施意愿有正向影响,而高层管理者支持对实施意愿的影响相对较小；在环境因素方面,行业竞争压力和政府支持是关键因素。基于以上研究结论,建议政府以大型企业为切入点,强调政策实用性和易用性,通过激励机制提高企业对专利开放许可的感知有用性。

Abstract:

Since the implementation of License of Right (LOR), the willingness of patent holders to implement it has become the key to whether this new system can be implemented and put into practice. Enterprises are one of the main groups of patent holders, so the willingness of enterprises to implement LOR has become a focal issue of concern. By combining the TOE theory and TAM model to construct a structural equation, this study explores the influencing factors of the willingness to implement LOR of enterprise in Guangdong Province from three dimensions: technology, organization, and environment. On the technological front, the relative advantages of LOR enhance the perceived usability and utility for enterprises. The stronger the compatibility between the system and the existing resources of the enterprise, the more robust their implementation intentions become. Regarding organizational factors, the study finds that the size of the enterprise and strategic planning positively impact implementation intentions, while the influence of top management support is relatively modest. In terms of environmental factors, industry competition pressure and government support emerge as key influencers. Based on these research findings, it is recommended that the government, focusing on large enterprises, emphasize the practicality and usability of policies and enhance the perceived utility of patent open licensing through incentive mechanisms.