我国大型仪器开放共享的特征及影响因素研究

Characteristics and Influencing Factors for the Open Sharing of Large Instruments in China

摘要:

大型仪器是探索前沿领域、推动科技进步的重要工具，其开放共享能加速科技创新，加快创新发展战略的实施。以科技部考评结果为样本，采用描述性统计和负二项回归分析，研究了我国大型仪器开放共享的基本特征及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）大型仪器开放共享水平不断提升，但仪器资源开放的利用效率整体不高，仍有很大提升空间；（2）仪器共享水平呈现出所在区域、所属单位和单位性质三方面的异质性：经济发达的东部地区参评单位最多,然而总体共享水平却最低；科研院所无论是共享单位还是最终共享水平均高于高校；中国科学院管理的单位总体仪器共享水平最高；（3）开放共享水平与管理单位重视程度密切相关。

Abstract:

Large instruments are important tools for exploring frontier fields and promoting scientific and technological progress, while the open sharing of instruments can accelerate the pace of scientific and technological innovation and boost the implementation of innovative development strategies.Based on the evaluation organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology, descriptive statistics and negative binomial regression were performed to examine primary characteristics and influencing factors to the open sharing of large research instruments in China. First, the level of open sharing of large instruments is constantly improving, but the overall utilisation efficiency of open instrument resources is not high, and there is still much room for improvement. Second, the performance of sharing exhibit significant heterogeneity with region, department, and property: a) the economically developed eastern region has the highest number of participating units, yet the overall level of sharing is the lowest; b) research institutes have a higher level of sharing than universities, both in terms of shared units and eventual level of sharing; c) units belonging to Chinese Academy of Sciences earn best scores on average. Third, the level of sharing is highly related to units’ attentiveness, i.e. more attention with better results.