数字化转型对中国制造业高质量发展的影响研究

Research on the influence of digital transformation on the high-quality development of manufacturing industry in China

摘要:

数字化转型与产业发展已成为经济地理学者关注的热点,学者们也开展了卓有成效的研究,但数字化转型评价指标尚待进一步厘清,且数字化转型与制造业的关系研究尚显不足。因此,本文以数据要素的生产-流通-转化-应用为主线,构建了数字化转型评价指标体系,分析了2017-2021年中国31个省域(不包括港澳台)的数字化转型水平及空间差异,并深入探讨了其对制造业高质量发展的影响。研究发现:中国制造业发展规模总体呈现东高西低的空间分布,轻纺工业、资源加工工业和机械、电子制造业三类制造业发展规模由东部沿海向西部内陆呈现阶梯分布；中国各省域的数字化转型水平逐年攀升,各个领域也呈现出较高的发展水平,其中数字化投入增长滞后于产出增长；数字化转型对中国制造业高质量发展影响显著,呈现出先增大后减小,并再次呈现出上升的趋势,五个分领域也具有类似的演变趋势,相较于其他两类制造业行业,数字化转型对机械、电子制造业的影响更大。此外,数字化转型子指标中数字化投入水平、数字化基础设施水平以及数字化产出水平的影响高于数字化技术支持和互联网水平。

Abstract:

Digital transformation and industrial development have become the focus of economic geographers, this paper takes the production-circulation-transformation-application of data elements as the main line, constructs the evaluation index system of digital transformation, analyzes the digital transformation level and spatial differences of 31 provinces in China from 2017 to 2021, and deeply discusses its impact on the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. It is found that the development scale of China"s manufacturing industry is generally high in the east and low in the west, and the development scale of textile industry, resource processing industry and machinery and electronics manufacturing industry is ladder-shaped from the eastern coast to the western inland. The level of digital transformation in China"s provinces is rising year by year, and various fields also show a high level of development, in which the growth of digital input lags behind the growth of output; Digital transformation has a significant impact on the high-quality development of China"s manufacturing industry, showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and showing an upward trend again. Five sub-fields also have similar evolution trends. Compared with the other two types of manufacturing industries, digital transformation has a greater impact on machinery and electronics manufacturing. In addition, the influence of digital input level, digital infrastructure level and digital output level in digital transformation sub-index is higher than that of digital technical support and Internet level.