融合碳交易的电力现货市场日前出清机制研究

Research on Day-ahead Clearing Methods for Electricity Spot Markets Integrating Carbon Trading

摘要:

当前电力市场与碳市场缺乏关联，新能源机组与传统发电机组的市场竞价优势不明确，亟需构建合理的电-碳耦合市场的运行机制，明确新能源发电机组与传统能源机组的市场关系。针对电力现货市场与碳交易市场之间的协同运行问题，从交易主体通过电力交易中心完成碳交易的角度构建一种电-碳市场耦合下电力现货市场激励型日前出清方法，为电力现货市场运行机制优化提供思路参考。首先，从交易数据、交易主体行为和运作机制等方面的协同构建电-碳市场耦合运行框架。其次，设计一种包含预出清和正式出清的电力现货市场激励型日前出清机制，该机制引入基于动态碳排放的碳市场激励因子，对各机组报价进行修正后再次出清。再次，建立考虑电-碳市场耦合的电力现货日前市场出清模型。最后在PJM-5节点电力系统进行算例分析，结果表明：该机制下新能源机组的出清电量增加67.29%，碳排放量降低56.29%，碳交易成本降低95.48%；碳交易价格和传统发电商报价的增加会增大新能源机组的出清电量；碳配额比例和新能源发电商报价的增加会增大平均出清价格。

Abstract:

The correlation between electricity markets and carbon markets is lack of currently, it cause the market bidding advantage of new energy unit and traditional generator set is not clear. It needs to build a reasonable operation mechanism of the electric-carbon coupling market, and to clarify the market relationship between the new energy generator set and the traditional energy unit.To address the issue of collaborative operation between the electricity spot market and the carbon trading market, this paper constructs an incentive day-ahead clearing method for the electricity spot market under the coupling of electricity carbon market from the perspective of trading entities completing carbon trading through the electricity trading center, to provide a reference for the optimization of the operation mechanism of the electricity spot market. Firstly, a framework for the coupled operation of the electricity carbon market is built through the collaboration of transaction data, transaction subject behavior, and operational mechanisms. Secondly, an incentive day-ahead clearing mechanism for the electricity spot market that includes pre-clearing and formal clearing is designed, it introduces carbon market incentive factors based on dynamic carbon emissions, and corrects the quotations of each unit before clearing them again. Then, a day-ahead market clearing model for electricity spot considering the coupling of electricity and carbon markets is established. Finally, a numerical analysis is conducted on the PJM-5 node power system. The results show that under this mechanism, the clearing power of new energy units increases by 67.29%, carbon emissions decrease by 56.29%, and carbon trading costs decrease by 95.48%. As carbon trading prices and traditional power generation quotes rise, the clearing electricity of new energy units grows. The average clearing price increase as carbon quota ratio and quotes from new energy power generation companies grow.