科技政策对高端装备制造业技术创新投入的动态影响研究

Dynamic impact of Science and Technology Policy on Technological Innovation Investment in High-End Equipment Manufacturing Industry

摘要:

为深入研究科技政策对高端装备制造业技术创新投入的影响,以支持党的二十大报告中提出的建设创新型国家目标,研究采用COPA政策分析框架,对中国2001年至2022年间的771条相关政策进行了文本挖掘,并进行描述性分析。通过向量自回归模型分析科技政策对高端装备制造业技术研发投入的动态影响,收集高端装备制造行业R D投入总和作为技术创新投入。研究发现,科技政策过度关注技术创新和产业发展,但对人才培养的关注较少,政策发布形式主要以地方部门发布的意见和通知等较低约束力的形式为主。回归结果显示,以技术创新和产业发展为目标的科技政策是影响技术研发投入波动的主要因素,人才培养的影响逐渐增强。法律文件和纲要规划等力度较高的政策形式对技术研发投入的影响较大且持续增强,而计划条例和意见规定的影响力较弱且波动性较大,通知通告等低约束力的影响相对较小。中央部门对投入的波动影响逐渐增强,地方部门的影响保持稳定。并通过双重差分法验证北京市科技政策实施影响,结果表明政策实施对技术创新投入的影响显著。本文建议国家政府完善科技政策体系,建立单独的研发激励机制,提供创新支持环境,并加强中央与地方部门的联动机制,促进中国高端装备制造业的研发投入。本研究为相关政策的制定和实施提供了重要参考,为我国高端装备制造业的发展提供了理论依据和指导,对推动我国在该领域的创新能力和竞争力的提升具有重要现实意义。

Abstract:

In order to deeply study the impact of science and technology policy on technological innovation investment in high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and to support the goal of building an innovative country proposed in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this study uses the COPA policy analysis framework to conduct text mining and descriptive analysis of 771 related policies in China from 2001 to 2022. The vector autoregressive model is used to analyze the dynamic impact of science and technology policy on technology R&D investment in high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and the total R&D investment of each industry is collected as the investment in high-end equipment manufacturing technology innovation. The results show that science and technology policy pays too much attention to technological innovation and industrial development, but pays less attention to talent training, and the form of policy release is mainly in the form of opinions and notices issued by local departments. The regression results show that the science and technology policy with the goal of technological innovation and industrial development is the main factor affecting the fluctuation of technology R&D investment, and the influence of talent training is gradually increasing. The impact of strong policy forms such as legal documents and outline planning on investment in technology R&D is greater and continues to increase, while the influence of planning regulations and opinions is weaker and more volatile, and the impact of low binding force such as notices and notices is relatively small. The influence of the central sector on input fluctuations has gradually increased, while the influence of the local sector has remained stable. It is suggested that the national government should improve the science and technology policy system, establish a separate R&D incentive mechanism, provide an innovation support environment, and strengthen the linkage mechanism between the central and local departments to promote the R&D investment of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry. Through the difference-in-difference method, the results show that policy implementation has a significant impact on technological innovation investment.This study provides an important reference for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies, provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the development of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and has important practical significance for promoting the improvement of China's innovation ability and competitiveness in this field.