共益性结构洞、网络中心性对企业合作创新绩效的影响研究 ——基于智能交通产业技术创新战略联盟创新网络的分析

Co-beneficial Structural Holes, Network Centrality and Firms" Collaborative Innovation Performance : Analysis Based on the Innovation Network of Intelligent Transportation Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance

摘要:

产业数字化转型背景下，交通运输企业需兼顾经济和社会双重价值，实现数字化变革与企业创新绩效提升，合作创新成为突破发展困境的关键。鉴于此，基于2008—2022年中国智能交通行业协会国家智能交通产业技术创新战略联盟合作专利数据，运用固定效应负二项回归模型，实证分析智能交通产业技术创新战略联盟创新网络中共益性结构洞、网络中心性以及二者的交互作用对企业合作创新绩效的影响。研究发现：（1）在创新联盟网络中，共益性结构洞对企业合作创新绩效产生的影响呈倒“U”型；（2）网络中心性对企业合作创新绩效影响同样呈倒“U”型；（3）共益性结构洞与网络中心性交互作用对企业合作创新绩效产生负面影响。基于研究结论，认为创新联盟网络中的企业要注重占据共益性结构洞位置，充当合作创新的“中间人”而非直接拥有合作关系；企业的网络中心性水平并非越高越好，需结合自身实际采取适度水平的网络中心性；企业要注重共益性结构洞和中心性之间的平衡，规避过高的交互作用带来的负面影响，提升合作创新绩效。

Abstract:

In the context of industrial digital transformation, transport enterprises urgently need to break through the development dilemma by means of cooperation and innovation. It is necessary to take into account the dual value of economy and society, improve enterprise innovation performance, and achieve digital transformation. This paper is based on the patent data of cooperation of National Intelligent Transportation Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance of China Intelligent Transportation Industry Association from 2008 to 2022. Then, it empirically analyses the effects of co-beneficial structural holes, network centrality, and the interaction of the two on the collaborative innovation performance of enterprises by using a fixed-effects negative binomial regression model for the innovation alliance network. The results show that in innovation alliance networks, co-beneficial structural holes have an inverted U-shape effect on the collaborative innovation performance of enterprises; network centrality also has an inverted U-shape effect on the collaborative innovation performance of enterprises; and the interaction between co-beneficial structural holes and network centrality has a negative effect on the collaborative innovation performance of enterprises. The findings of the study can provide theoretical guidance for transport enterprises to make use of co-beneficial structural holes and network centrality to achieve the improvement of corporate cooperative innovation performance, which is of great theoretical and practical significance.