兰白国家自主创新示范区创新绩效评价和产业结构优化效应分析

Innovation performance evaluation and industrial structure optimization effect analysis of Lanbai National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone

摘要:

国家自主创新示范区是实施创新驱动战略的重要载体,在推进自主创新和高技术产业发展方面发挥着先行先试、探索经验、做出示范的作用。利用DEA模型和熵权法,从创新转化效率和产出效益两个维度出发构建创新绩效评价指标体系,综合评价国家自创区创新绩效、分析时空差异。构建含有虚拟变量的计量模型,探索兰白自创区建设的产业结构优化升级效应。(1)考察期内,国家自主创新示范区创新绩效水平具有显著差异且在空间上呈现集聚特征,东部地区自创区创新绩效>全国均值>中西部地区。(2)兰白自创区创新绩效水平整体偏低,处于“低效率—低效益”水平。但自获批建设以来,创新效率与效益整体呈上升趋势,建设主体兰州、白银2个国家高新区创新绩效水平存在差异。(3)兰白自创区的申报—建设对甘肃省产业结构升级具有显著促进效应,但具有时滞性且影响的时间效应较短。申报初期对产业结构合理化的影响较大,对产业结构高级化和合理化的影响存在异质。最后依据研究结论聚焦核心技术攻关、创新主体培育、创新发展环境、开放创新合作提出提升兰白自创区创新绩效和促进产业结构升级的路径。

Abstract:

National independent innovation demonstration zones are important carriers for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, and they play a pioneering, exploratory, and demonstrative role in promoting independent innovation and the development of high-tech industries.[Methods/Process] Using the DEA model and entropy weighting method, an innovation performance evaluation index system is constructed from two dimensions: innovation transformation efficiency and output efficiency. The national independent innovation zones are comprehensively evaluated, and the spatio-temporal differences are analyzed. A econometric model with virtual variables is constructed to explore the effects of the construction of the Lanzhou and Baiyin independent innovation zones on optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure. The study found that: (1) During the observation period, there were significant differences in the level of innovation performance in the national independent innovation demonstration zones, and they showed agglomeration characteristics in spatial distribution. The innovation performance of the eastern regions" zones surpassed the national average and the central and western regions. (2) Overall, the innovation performance level of the Lanzhou and Baiyin independent innovation zones was relatively low, at the "low efficiency-low benefit" level. However, since their approval, both innovation efficiency and benefits have shown an overall upward trend, and there are differences in the innovation performance level between the two zones, Lanzhou and Baiyin, which are the main construction entities. (3) The declaration and construction of the Lanzhou and Baiyin independent innovation zones have significantly promoted the upgrading of the industrial structure in Gansu Province. However, this effect is temporary and has a short-term impact. The impact at the initial stage of declaration is significant, while the impact on the advanced and rationalized industrial structure is heterogeneous. Finally, based on the research findings, the path to enhancing the innovation performance of the Lanzhou and Baiyin independent innovation zones and promoting the upgrading of the industrial structure is proposed, focusing on core technology breakthroughs, the cultivation of innovative entities, the development of an innovative environment, and open innovation cooperation.