《民法典》促进地区科技创新的作用机制——基于《中华人民共和国民法典》实施的准自然实验

The mechanism of Civil Code of the People"s Republic of China promoting regional scientific and technological innovation-- Quasi-natural experiments based on the Civil Code of the People"s Republic of China

摘要:

当前探究《中华人民共和国民法典》这一重大制度变革与科技创新活力影响与作用机制的研究仍缺失。为进一步厘清民法典实施与地区科技创新的影响程度和作用机制，着眼于民法典的实施与地区科技创新活力的互动关系，通过论述民法典对权利的静态保护以及对交易安全的动态保护推动科技创新发展，基于2018－2023年中国292个地级及以上城市的有关数据，通过Probit回归模型实证检验民法典对地区科技创新的影响作用和机制。结果表明：民法典的颁布与实施对城市专利申请数量和专利授予数量的增加具有正向作用，进而促进地区科技创新；其具体机制为通过优化城市营商环境提高地区科技创新水平，且该营商环境的优化尤其体现在提升竞争公平层面。为巩固民法典实施的正向效应，应进一步完善顶层立法设计与法律实施机制，提升宣传力度，健全评价体系，促进地区科技创新活力与动能充分发挥。

关键词:民法典;地区科技创新;营商环境;竞争公平;动静态保护;科技创新活力;基础法律

Abstract:

At present, the research on the influence and mechanism of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, a major institutional reform and the vitality of scientific and technological innovation, is still lacking. In order to further clarify the impact degree and mechanism of the implementation of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China and regional science and technology innovation, focus on the interactive relationship between the implementation of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China and the vitality of regional science and technology innovation, and promote the development of science and technology innovation by discussing the static protection of rights and dynamic protection of transaction security of the civil code, based on the relevant data of 292 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2018 to 2020, Probit regression model was used to empirically test the effect and mechanism of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China on regional scientific and technological innovation. The results show that the promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China have a positive effect on the increase of the number of patent applications and patent grants in cities, and then promote regional scientific and technological innovation; The specific mechanism is to improve the level of regional scientific and technological innovation by optimizing the urban business environment, and the optimization of the business environment is especially reflected in the level of improving competition fairness. In order to consolidate the positive effect of the implementation of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, it is necessary to further improve the top-level legislative design and legal implementation mechanism, enhance the publicity, improve the evaluation system, and promote the vitality and momentum of regional scientific and technological innovation.

Key words:Civil Code of the People's Republic of China; Regional scientific and technological innovation; Business environment; Fair competition; Dynamic and static protection; Vitality of scientific and technological innovation; Basic law