数据赋能：大数据与制造业企业高质量发展的关系及作用机制

Data Empowerment: The Relationship and Mechanism Between Big Data and High-Quality Development of Manufacturing Enterprises

摘要:

随着大数据技术的普及应用，探讨大数据对制造业企业高质量发展的影响，能为中国式现代化建设提供新的实现路径。从缓解融资约束和优化创新要素配置两个角度理论分析大数据影响制造业企业高质量发展的作用机制，以2013－2021年的1110家中国制造业上市公司为研究对象，构建面板固定效应模型进行实证检验。研究结果发现：大数据能够显著促进制造业企业高质量发展，且经过一系列稳健性和内生性检验之后回归结果依然稳健；大数据能够通过缓解融资约束渠道和优化创新要素配置渠道促进制造业企业高质量发展；大数据对制造业企业高质量发展的影响存在异质性，大数据对国有企业、大规模企业和东部地区企业高质量发展表现出更为显著的促进作用。为鼓励制造业企业应用大数据以促进高质量发展，应加快地区数字化服务体系构建，建立跨区域金融合作机制，同时结合各区域制造业发展实际，制定差异化的政策组合体系。

Abstract:

With the widespread application of big data technology, its use has played a significant role in enhancing the productivity and competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. Exploring the impact of big data on the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises could provide new implementation pathways for Chinese-style modernization. This study theoretically analyzes the mechanisms through which big data influences the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises from two perspectives: alleviating financing constraints and optimizing innovation factor allocation. Using data from 1,110 Chinese listed manufacturing companies from 2013 to 2021, a two-way fixed effects panel model was constructed for empirical testing. The findings reveal that big data significantly promotes high-quality development in manufacturing enterprises, with regression results remaining robust after a series of stability and endogeneity tests. Big data facilitates high-quality development through dual channels of easing financing constraints and optimizing innovation resource allocation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that big data demonstrates more pronounced effects in promoting high-quality development for state-owned enterprises, large-scale firms, and enterprises in eastern China. To encourage big data adoption in manufacturing for quality-driven growth, recommendations include accelerating regional digital service system development, establishing cross-regional financial cooperation mechanisms, and formulating differentiated policy frameworks tailored to regional manufacturing realities.