基于政府、企业、高校院所、科技中介机构4类主体的高校科技成果转化现状与优化建议分析

Analysis of the Current Status and Optimization Suggestions for the Commercialization of University Scientific and Technological Achievements Based on Four Key Stakeholders: Government, Enterprises, Universities and Research Institutes, and Technology Intermediary Institutions

摘要:

高校院所科技成果转化，其本质在于创新要素的优化配置，其目的在于激发新质生产力。在国家和区域政策激励下，中国科技成果越来越倾向于转化应用，但依然存在多而不精、成熟度不匹配、对接错位等困境，学界就高校院所创新要素的精准分配进行了诸多讨论。对此，从政府、企业、高校院所、科技中介机构4类主体出发，采用文献调研、问卷调研、现场访谈相结合的结构式调研，综合考量政府、企业、高校院所、科技中介机构的职责和痛点。研究结果显示，4类主体普遍认为高校研发方向和科技成果的技术成熟度与企业需求存在差异是当前最大的障碍；科技成果转化企业的产值和税收是评估成果转化效益的最显著指标；科技中介机构在创新氛围营造、政产学研用协同创新方面的作用逐渐受到重视。因此，高校应重点提升科研人员的成果转化意识、能力以及产业化意识，充分利用外部力量来加强科技成果的推广和宣传力度，提高创新要素配置效率。

Abstract:

The commercialization of scientific and technological achievements in universities and research institutions essentially resides in the optimized allocation of innovative elements and is aimed at stimulating new productive forces. Driven by national and regional policies, China's scientific and technological achievements are increasingly prone to commercialization and application. Nevertheless, there still exist predicaments such as abundance without refinement, mismatch in maturity, and misalignment in connection. The academic circle has carried out numerous discussions on the precise distribution of innovative elements in universities and research institutions. In this regard, starting from four types of entities: the government, enterprises, universities and research institutions, and technology intermediary institutions, a structured investigation combining literature research, questionnaire survey, and on-site interviews is adopted to comprehensively take into account the responsibilities and pain points of the government, enterprises, universities and research institutions, and technology intermediary institutions. The research findings indicate that the four types of entities generally hold that the disparity between the research and development direction and the technological maturity of scientific and technological achievements in universities and the demands of enterprises constitutes the most significant obstacle at present; The output value and tax revenue of enterprises engaged in the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements are the most prominent indicators for assessing the effectiveness of transformation; The role of technology intermediary institutions in fostering an innovative atmosphere and promoting collaborative innovation among government, industry, universities, research institutions, and users is gradually gaining attention. Therefore, universities should prioritize enhancing the awareness and capacity of scientific and technological achievement transformation and industrialization among scientific researchers, and fully utilize external forces to intensify the promotion and publicity of scientific and technological achievements and enhance the efficiency of the allocation of innovative elements.