Abstract:The advent of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution has promoted the transformation of the economic development model from "factor-driven" and "efficiency-driven" to "innovation-driven" under the new needs of production practice and the new impetus of science and technology, and the knowledge production model has changed from Mode 1 to Mode 2 and further evolved to Mode 3. The construction of "new agricultural science" takes the iterative new depth of the situation, purpose and method of agricultural science knowledge generation as its fundamental turn, and the essence is to promote the transformation of traditional agricultural science knowledge production to meet the needs of current social development. Following the evolution logic of the knowledge production model, combined with the close coupling characteristics of the transformation of the knowledge production mode and the construction of "new agricultural science", this paper analyzes the logical path of the construction of "new agricultural science" under the transformation of knowledge production mode, clarifies the target level of the construction of "new agricultural science" by using the concept grid theory, and explains the due meaning of the construction of "new agricultural science" from the disciplinary context, knowledge form and organizational form, and focuses on the possibility of planning the "new agricultural science", and puts forward the practical approach of the construction of "new agricultural science" accordingly.