广东省农村科技特派员政策实施成果的综合绩效评价--基于广东省13个地级市数据的实证分析

Comprehensive Performance Evaluation on Implementation Effect of the Policy of Sending Sci-Tech Experts to Rural Areas in Guangdong Province: An Empirical Analysis Based on Data from 13 Cities in Guangdong Province

摘要:

针对珠三角与粤东西北发展不平衡问题，广东农村科技特派员制度立足于广东不同区域对农业科技需求差异，2021年创新性地提出“省市科技管理部门+派出单位+对接主体”的工作机制模式。本文以2021年广东省科技厅认定的901个农村科技特派员团队为研究样本，采用客观赋权法-熵权综合评价法，实证检验农村科技特派员对广东省13个地级市产生的帮扶绩效和作用机制。结果表明：影响农村科技特派员政策实施综合绩效的最重要的两个指标是引进资金数、培训农户或技术人员数；不同地区农村科技特派员政策实施的工作绩效差异较大，粤北地区综合表现最优。基于研究结果，提出建立一套科学合理的农村科技特派员绩效评估指标体系，健全一套可操作性强、切实有效的农村科技特派员激励机制，拓宽农村科技特派员来源渠道，推动建立利益共享的长效帮扶工作机制等对策建议。

Abstract:

In response to the uneven development between the Pearl River Delta and Eastern, Western and Northern Guangdong, the Guangdong Rural Sci-tech Expert Policy System is based on the differences in agricultural science and technology needs in different regions of Guangdong. In 2021, it proposed a working mechanism model of "provincial and municipal science and technology management departments plus dispatched units plus docking subjects", and selected a team of Rural Sci-tech Expert to provide "one-on-one" scientific and technological assistance to 901 townships in 13 cities. This study takes 901 Rural Sci-tech Expert teams recognized by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology in 2021 as the research object. The objective weighting method-entropy weight comprehensive evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the team's performance on 13 cities over a year. The research results indicate that the two most important indicators affecting the comprehensive performance of the Rural Sci-tech Expert policy implementation are the number of funds introduced and the number of farmers or technical personnel trained; There are significant differences in the work performance of the Rural Sci-tech Expert in different regions, with the northern Guangdong region showing the best overall performance. Based on the results, the research proposes advice about establishing a reasonable performance evaluation index system for Rural Sci-tech Expert, improving a practical and effective incentive mechanism for Rural Sci-tech Expert, broadening the sources of Rural Sci-tech Expert, and promoting the establishment of a long-term assistance mechanism for benefit sharing.