科技创新社会支撑系统：理论阐释、功能作用与优化路径

Social Support System for Science, Technology and Innovation: Theoretical Explanation, Functional Role and Optimization Paths

摘要:

科技创新是一个开放复杂巨系统,其发展演化受到外部环境的双重影响。为考察和实现社会环境对科技创新的正向影响,以系统的科学思维为指导,以马克思、恩格斯的社会系统论为基点,从纷繁复杂的社会因素中提炼出可以支撑科技创新的关键要素,建构出一个科技创新社会支撑系统的理论框架。这一系统的主要构成要素是经济条件、政治条件和文化条件,并且在此三个要素的联结互动中呈现出经济是基础、政治是保障、文化是灵魂的内在结构表现形式。在科技创新社会支撑系统结构体系的决定和外部环境的影响下,经济条件能够发挥出要素整合、动力导向、资源支持等功能,政治条件能够发挥出政治领导、战略制定、制度规范等功能,文化条件能够发挥出价值引领、智力支持、行为规范等功能,系统整体能够发挥出支撑科技主体创新活动促进成果大量涌现的突出功能。新时代新征程,为更好发挥科技创新赋能新质生产力发展、促进社会进步的核心作用,应在把握科技创新社会支撑系统所面临的开放环境的前提下,持续推动系统要素的发展完善、结构的有序调整、整体的优化演化,以形成对科技创新的长期有效支撑。

Abstract:

Science and technology innovation (STI) is an open and complex giant system, whose development and evolution are subject to the dual influence of the external environment. In order to examine and realise the positive influence of the social environment on STI, this study, guided by system science and based on the social system theory of Marx and Engels, extracts the key elements that can support STI from the complicated social factors, and constructs a theoretical framework of a social support system for STI. The main components of this system are economic conditions, political conditions and cultural conditions, and in the linkage and interaction of these three elements, the internal structure of economy is the foundation, politics is the guarantee, and culture is the soul is shown. Under the decision of the structure of the social support system of STI and the influence of the external environment, the economic conditions can play the functions of factor integration, power orientation, resource support, etc.; the political conditions can play the functions of political leadership, strategy formulation, system regulation, etc.; the cultural conditions can play the functions of value leadership, intellectual support, behavioural norms, etc.; and the system as a whole can play the prominent functions of supporting the innovation activities of scientific and technological subjects. The system as a whole can perform the function of supporting the innovation activities of scientific and technological subjects. In the new era and new journey, in order to better play the core role of scientific and technological innovation in empowering the development of new productivity and promoting social progress, we should grasp the premise of the open environment of the social support system of scientific and technological innovation, and continue to push forward the development and improvement of the elements of the system, orderly adjustment of its structure, and optimisation of its overall evolution, so as to form a long-term and effective support for scientific and technological innovation.