数智技术对城乡老年人社会参与的影响机制研究

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Digital Intelligence Technology on Social Participation of Urban and Rural Elderly People

摘要:

在数智化和老龄化的社会背景下，探讨数智技对城乡老年人社会参与的影响机制，对于助力老年群体共享“数字红利”具有重要现实意义。本文基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据，采用基准回归、中介效应、PSM等方法实证检验了数智技术对城乡老年人社会参与的路径。研究发现：数智技术使用使得社会参与发生的概率增加2.19%；通过异质性分析发现，城镇居民、高收入群体和60岁以上老年人社会参与概率分别高于农村居民、低收入群体和60岁以下的中老年人，数智弱势群体参与社会活动存在瓶颈；通过机制分析发现，社会支持和健康状况在数智技术影响社会参与的过程中发挥了中介作用，其中社会支持的间接影响为 0.003，健康状况中介影响系数为0.004，均与总效应同向，说明数智技术既能直接影响城乡老年人的社会参与，也能通过改善老年人健康状况和加大社会支持来产生影响。因此需要加强老年人数智技术使用培训、提升老年人健康水平、增强社会支持，从而促进城乡老年人更多地参与社会活动。

Abstract:

In the social context of digitalization and aging, it is of great practical significance to explore the influence mechanism of digital intelligence technology on the social participation of urban and rural elderly people, in order to help them share the “digital dividend”. Based on the 2020 China Health and Elderly Care Tracking Survey data, this paper empirically examines the impact of digital intelligence on the social participation of urban and rural older adults using benchmark regression, mediation effect, PSM and other methods. It is found that the use of digital intelligence technology increases the probability of social participation occurrence by 2.19%; through heterogeneity analysis, it is found that the probability of social participation of urban residents, high-income groups and older people over 60 years old is higher than that of rural residents, low-income groups, and middle-aged and older people under 60 years old, and there is a bottleneck in the participation of digitally disadvantaged groups in social activities; through the analysis of the mechanism, it is found that the social support and health status play a significant role in the process of social participation by digital intelligence Through the mechanism analysis, it is found that social support and health status play a mediating role in the process of Numerical Intelligence technology influencing social participation, in which the indirect effect of social support is 0.003, and the mediating effect coefficient of health status is 0.004, which are both in the same direction with the total effect, which indicates that Numerical Intelligence technology can directly influence the social participation of the urban and rural elderly as well as have an impact by improving the health status of the elderly and increasing the social support. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen training in the use of digital intelligence technology for the elderly, improve the health of the elderly, and increase social support, so as to promote greater social participation of urban and rural elderly.