工业企业反哺基础研究的内生动力与阻力研究※--基于管理者自利与企业逐利的视角

Research on the Endogenous Driving Force and Resistance of Industrial Enterprises Feedback on Basic Research

摘要:

提升企业反哺基础研究的内生动力是加强应用性基础研究的关键,而管理者自利性和企业逐利性可能对企业基础研究反哺动力产生复杂影响。对此,基于2010～2020年我国省级区域规上工业企业数据,从管理者自利性和企业逐利性两个层面构造细分因素,籍此考察企业反哺基础研究的内生动力与阻力。研究发现,管理者自利性可激发企业基础研究反哺倾向但却抑制企业基础研究反哺强度,成熟产品市场逐利性和非主营业务逐利性不利于激发企业基础研究反哺动力,新产品市场逐利性却能起到良好激励效应。进一步研究发现,适度提升企业市场集中度和科技转化能力,有助于正向调节管理者自利性与企业逐利性对企业反哺基础研究的影响,但市场过度集中及科技转化能力偏低均严重抑制企业基础研究反哺动力；适度提升财政支持强度,有助于正向调节新产品市场逐利性和非主营业务逐利性对企业基础研究反哺强度的影响,但财政支持强度过低或过高却产生负向作用。

Abstract:

Enhancing the endogenous motivation of enterprises to support basic research is the key to strengthening applied basic research, and the self-interest of managers and the pursuit of profits by enterprises may have complex impacts on the motivation of enterprises to support basic research. Based on the data of provincial-level industrial enterprises above designated size in China from 2010 to 2020, this study constructs sub factors from the perspectives of managerial self-interest and enterprise profit seeking, in order to examine the endogenous driving force of enterprise feedback on basic research. Research has found that managers" self-interest can stimulate the tendency of enterprises to support basic research, but inhibit the intensity of basic research support. The profit driven nature of mature product markets and non core business is not conducive to stimulating the motivation of enterprises to support basic research, while the profit driven nature of new product markets can have a good incentive effect. Further research has found that moderately increasing market concentration and technological transformation capabilities of enterprises can help positively regulate the impact of managers" self-interest and enterprises" pursuit of profit on the feedback of basic research by enterprises. However, excessive market concentration and low technological transformation capabilities seriously inhibit the feedback drive of basic research by enterprises; Moderately increasing the intensity of fiscal support can help positively regulate the impact of profit seeking in the new product market and profit seeking in non core businesses on the feedback intensity of basic research for enterprises. However, too low or too high an intensity of fiscal support can have a negative effect.