基于技术异质性的企业生命周期视角下数字化转型对竞争力提升的影响研究

Research on Digitalization Enhancing Enterprise Competitiveness from the Perspective of Life Cycle: Based on Technological Heterogeneity

摘要:

不同生命周期阶段企业的数字化转型赋能效率存在明显差异。鉴于数字化转型对企业竞争力提升的重要性及生命周期阶段差异对转型效果的潜在影响，以2010－2022年中国上市公司为研究样本，基于财务数据构建了企业竞争力指标，采用实证回归分析方法，系统揭示了生命周期不同阶段企业数字化转型的赋能效率及作用机制。研究表明：成长期企业的数字化转型赋能效率显著高于其他阶段。在不同生命周期阶段，人工智能、大数据、互联网商业模式具有广泛适用性，而云计算、区块链、智能制造和现代信息系统在特定阶段展现更强赋能优势。同时，管理效率正向调节数字化转型赋能企业竞争力的过程。此外，研究还发现了数字化转型效果在地区和规模上的差异性。上述结论可为不同生命周期企业制定差异化转型策略提供理论依据，并从生命周期视角为政府制定精准支持政策提供参考。

Abstract:

There are significant differences in the efficiency of digital transformation empowerment among enterprises at different life cycle stages. Given the importance of digital transformation in enhancing corporate competitiveness and the potential impact of varying life cycle stages on transformation outcomes, this study uses Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as the research sample, constructs an enterprise competitiveness index based on financial data, and employs empirical regression analysis to systematically explore the empowerment efficiency and underlying mechanisms of digital transformation across different life cycle stages. The findings reveal that the empowerment efficiency of digital transformation is notably higher for enterprises in the growth stage compared to those in other stages. Across different life cycle stages, artificial intelligence, big data, and Internet business models demonstrate broad applicability, whereas cloud computing, blockchain, intelligent manufacturing, and modern information systems exhibit stronger empowerment advantages at specific stages. Meanwhile, management efficiency positively moderates the process by which digital transformation enhances corporate competitiveness. Additionally, the study uncovers regional and scale-based differences in the effects of digital transformation. These conclusions offer a theoretical foundation for enterprises at different life cycle stages to formulate tailored transformation strategies and provide insights for governments to devise precise support policies from a life cycle perspective